Drug Delivery Systems Obtained from Silica Based Organic-Inorganic Hybrids

Abstract

This is a review of hybrid materials based on silica as an inorganic phase used as drug delivery systems (DDS). Silica based DDS have shown effectivity when compared with traditional delivery systems. They present advantages such as: (a) ability to maintain the therapeutic range with minor variations; (b) prevention of local and systemic toxic effects; (c) plasma concentrations increase of substances with a short half-life; and (d) reduction of the number of daily doses, which may increase patient adherence to the treatment. These advantages occur due to the physical, chemical and optical properties of these materials. Therefore, we discuss the properties and characteristics of them and we present some applications, using different approaches of DDS to ensure therapeutic effectiveness and side effects reduction such as implantable biomaterial, film-forming materials, stimuli-responsive systems and others.

Design, Synthesis and Architectures of Hybrid Nanomaterials for Therapy and Diagnosis Applications

“…The diverse pathophysiological conditions of diseases lead to a continuous demand for acceptable pharmacokinetic products and thus, novel therapeutic approaches are required. In recent years, parallel to the ongoing development of conventional treatment strategies, nanometer-sized structures in the scale range of 50 to 500 nm [ 1 , 2 ], where this upper limit is still subject of continuous discussion and updating, have demonstrated their full potential to become the best candidates for innovative therapeutic and diagnosis approaches. Consequently, the design and synthesis of highly specific smart nanomaterials have been the main concern of many academic and industrial researchers worldwide.…”

“…For the case of INPs, examples of these enhanced properties are the magnetic behavior obtained by combining magnetic nanoparticles with polymer matrices, or the more reliably protection of drug cargo displayed by mesoporous silica/polymer nanoparticles compared with purely organic nanomaterials [ 23 ]. Besides, the inorganic phase increases the mechanical strength, and thermal stability, allows to modulate the refractive index, and favors the rheological properties of the final material, depending on its shapes and sizes [ 2 ].…”

“…Therefore, some polymer coatings such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) improve the biocompatibility and solubility of the inorganic nanosystems [ 1 , 28 ]. Thus, organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials are the focus of many investigations because they combine synergistically the advantageous physical-chemical properties of both the inorganic and polymeric component [ 2 , 29 ].…”

Study of triamcinolone release and mucoadhesive properties of macroporous hybrid films for oral disease treatment

“…Until now the presence of pores in ureasil-polyether hybrid polymeric matrices had not been demonstrated. In previous studies, the differences in drug release profiles from Ureasil-PEO500 and Ureasil-PPO400 were attributed only to differences in the balance between the hydrophilic/hydrophobic character [13][14][15][16] of the matrices or to drug-matrix interactions [28,29]. The present study reveals that the presence of a greater amount of pores in Ureasil-PEO500 may also strongly contribute to facilitating entry of the release medium into the films and facilitating transport of the drug out of the polymer matrix.…”

Delivery of siRNA to Ewing Sarcoma Tumor Xenografted on Mice, Using Hydrogenated Detonation Nanodiamonds: Treatment Efficacy and Tissue Distribution

“…liposomes, cationic polymers or dendrimers [5]), or inorganic (e.g. metallic nanoparticles such as gold, iron, titanium [4]), or mineral like clay [6], silica nanoparticles [7] and nanodiamonds [8,9]. Most inorganic nanocarriers present a good-to-high chemical stability, they have a low toxicity at 2 of 13 therapeutic dose of the drug:carrier conjugate, and are able to deliver their cargo compounds into cells.…”