Drug Delivery Strategies for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases

Abstract

Metabolic diseases occur when normal metabolic processes are disrupted in the human body, which can be congenital or acquired. The incidence of metabolic diseases worldwide has reached epidemic proportions. So far, various methods including systemic drug therapy and surgery are exploited to prevent and treat metabolic diseases. However, current pharmacotherapeutic options for treatment of these metabolic disorders remain limited and ineffective, especially reducing patient compliance to treatment. Therefore, it is desirable to exploit effective drug delivery approaches to effectively treat metabolic diseases and reduce side effects. This brief review summarizes novel delivery strategies including local, targeted, and oral drug delivery strategies, as well as intelligent stimulus‐responsive drug delivery strategy, for the treatment of metabolic disorders including diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis.

RNA N6-methyladenosine: a promising molecular target in metabolic diseases

“…MDs refer to the pathological results of metabolic disorders of proteins, fats, carbohydrates and other substances in the human body [24], including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hypertension, osteoporosis, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and other related metabolic disorders [25]. Currently, there are over 1.9 billion adults and 340 million children and adolescents with overweight or obese [26], more than 415 million people with diabetes [27], and 6-35% (median 20%) of population with NAFLD [28] around the world.…”

Facile Nanolization Strategy for TherapeuticGanoderma Lucidum Spore Oilto Achieve Enhanced Protection against Radiation‐Induced Heart Disease

“…[9] Confronted with these issues, researchers have been working to find potential radioprotectors, such as traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and novel vehicles with free radical scavenging capacity to protect normal tissues from IR. [10,11] For instance, MoS 2 nanodots protect against IR thanks to the free radical scavenging capacity and effective renal clearance efficacy. [12] In parallel, Amifostine (AMI, WR-2721), which serves as a small free radical scavenger, has been extensively utilized as a recognized radioprotectant in clinical application.…”

Orally Administrable Therapeutic Synthetic Nanoparticle for Zika Virus

“…It is also critical that orally delivered NP transports the payload efficiently from the intestine to the bloodstream. [25][26][27] The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) mediates immunoglobulin G (IgG) transport across the polarized epithelial barriers. 28,29 FcRn is expressed at a level that is closely similar to fetal expression in the apical region of epithelial cells in the small intestine and diffuse throughout the colon in adulthood.…”