Facile Nanolization Strategy for TherapeuticGanoderma Lucidum Spore Oilto Achieve Enhanced Protection against Radiation‐Induced Heart Disease

Abstract

Radiotherapy (RT) has been extensively utilized for clinical cancer therapy, however, excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is becoming a main cause for radiation‐induced heart disease (RIHD). Ganoderma lucidum spore oil (GLSO) is a popular functional food composite with potent antioxidant activity, but it is compromised by poor solubility and stability for further application. Therefore, a strategy for rational fabrication of GLSO@P188/PEG400 nanosystem (NS) is demonstrated in this study to realize good water solubility and achieve enhanced protection against RIHD. As expected, GLSO@P188/PEG400 NS can attenuate X‐ray‐induced excessive ROS levels thanks to its enhanced free radical scavenging capability, simultaneously protecting on mitochondria from X‐ray irradiation (IR). Moreover, GLSO@P188/PEG400 NS alleviates DNA damage and promotes self‐repair processes against IR, thus recovering G0/G1 proportion back to normal levels. Furthermore, pre‐ and post‐treated GLSO@P188/PEG400 NS demonstrates potential protection on heart from X‐rays in vivo, as evidenced by attenuating cardiac dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis. Meanwhile, the cell antioxidant capacity (including T‐SOD, MDA, and GSH‐x) stays in balance during this process. This study not only provides a promising strategy for facile nanolization of functional food composites with hydrophobic defects but also sheds light on their cardiac protection and action mechanisms against IR‐induced disease.

Retracted: Ganoderic Acid A exerts the cytoprotection against hypoxia‐triggered impairment in PC12 cells via elevating microRNA‐153

“…As a traditional Chinese medicine, Ganoderma lucidum is often applied in remedying cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ailments (Xie et al, ), especially in the myocardial protection, enhancement of myocardial function, and improvement of cardiovascular blood circulation (Dai, He, Ma, & Chen, ; Sudheesh, Ajith, & Janardhanan, ). Ganoderic Acid A (GAA), a sort of triterpene substance, is the paramount compound of G .…”

“…of myocardial function, and improvement of cardiovascular blood circulation (Dai, He, Ma, & Chen, 2019;Sudheesh, Ajith, & Janardhanan, 2013). Ganoderic Acid A (GAA), a sort of triterpene substance, is the paramount compound of G. lucidum (Cao et al, 2017).…”

Rational Design of Nanomaterials for Various Radiation‐Induced Diseases Prevention and Treatment

“…In a previous review, we introduced many nanoradioprotectors. Thereafter, new nanoradioprotectors, such as ultrasmall Au‐MoS 2 clusters, [ 177 ] PVP‐coated PtPdMo nanocubes, [ 178 ] PtPd nanocrystals, [ 179 ] naturally derived PHA‐L protein NPs, [ 180 ] CeO 2 /Mn 3 O 4 nanocrystals, [ 57 ] pH‐triggered Mn clusters, [ 181 ] polydopamine@arginine–chitosan (thalidomide) nanodrugs, [ 58 ] Nb 2 C‐PVP nanosheets, [ 31 ] CNSI, [ 32 ] and the GLSO@P188/PEG400 nanosystem, [ 37 ] have emerged. Their emergence enriched the treatment pattern in the radioprotection field.…”

“…recently described the nanolization of ganoderma lucidum spore oil (GLSO) to improve protection against radiation‐caused heart disease ( Figure ). [ 37 ] GLSO, a popular functional natural food composite that is mainly obtained from Ganoderma lucidum (leyss. ex.…”

Use of Ganoderma lucidum (Ganodermataceae, Basidiomycota) as Radioprotector

“…Polysaccharides are hydrophilic [40], hence abundant in decoctions, whereas triterpenes are not [33]. In fact, Dai et al [34] suggested that G. lucidum spore oil, which although it can be useful as a radioprotector, has the drawback of poor water solubility, which remains a major obstacle for their further development and clinical application in human health care. For this reason, these authors developed a GLSO@P188/PEG400 nanosystem (NS) to improve the efficiency of the radioprotective treatment, especially when this system has functional food composites with hydrophobic defects, such as triterpenes, but not polysaccharides.…”