Drug combinations with orphenadrine for pain relief associated with muscle spasm

Birkeland, J. W.; Clawson, D. Kay

doi:10.1002/cpt196895639

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The so-called muscle relaxants include drugs in a variety of classes, including antihistamines (e.g., orphenadrine; Norflex ® ; 3M Pharmaceuticals; St. Paul, MN [126,127] [132]). Although these drugs can relieve musculoskeletal pain, these effects may not be specific, and there is no evidence that they relax skeletal muscle in the clinical setting.…”

Section: Adjuvant Analgesics Used For Musculoskeletal Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatment should be initiated with relatively low initial doses. The potential for abstinence, as well as abuse by predisposed patients, warrants caution when discontinuing therapy or administering these drugs to those with a substance abuse history [127].…”

Section: Adjuvant Analgesics Used For Musculoskeletal Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The so-called muscle relaxants include drugs in a variety of classes, including antihistamines (e.g., orphenadrine; Norflex ® ; 3M Pharmaceuticals; St. Paul, MN [126,127]), tricyclic compounds structurally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., cyclobenzaprine; Flexeril ® ; McNeil Consumer and Specialty Pharmaceuticals; Fort Washington, PA [128,129]), and others (e.g., carisoprodol; Soma ® ; Wallace Laboratories; Cranbury, NJ [130], metaxalone; Skelaxin ® ; King Pharmaceuticals; Bristol, TN [131], methocarbamol; Robaxin ® ; Schwarz Pharma; Milwaukee, WI [132]). Although these drugs can relieve musculoskeletal pain, these effects may not be specific, and there is no evidence that they relax skeletal muscle in the clinical setting.…”

Section: Adjuvant Analgesics Used For Musculoskeletal Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adjuvant Analgesics in Cancer Pain Management

2004

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Adjuvant analgesics are defined as drugs with a primary indication other than pain that have analgesic properties in some painful conditions. The group includes numerous drugs in diverse classes. Although the widespread use of these drugs as first-line agents in chronic nonmalignant pain syndromes suggests that the term "adjuvant" is a misnomer, they usually are combined with a less-than-satisfactory opioid regimen when administered for cancer pain. Some adjuvant analgesics are useful in several painful conditions and are described as multipurpose adjuvant analgesics (antidepressants, corticosteroids, α α 2 -adrenergic agonists, neuroleptics), whereas others are specific for neuropathic pain (anticonvulsants, local anesthetics, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists), bone pain (calcitonin, bisphosphonates, radiopharmaceuticals), musculoskeletal pain (muscle relaxants), or pain from bowel obstruction (octreotide, anticholinergics). This article reviews the evidence supporting the use of each class of adjuvant analgesic for the treatment of pain in cancer patients and provides a comprehensive outline of dosing recommendations, side effects, and drug interactions. The Oncologist 2004;9:571-591

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Section: Adjuvant Analgesics Used For Musculoskeletal Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adjuvant Analgesics Used For Musculoskeletal Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adjuvant Analgesics Used For Musculoskeletal Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Adjuvant Analgesics in Cancer Pain Management

2004

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“…The fast onset of action observed in the present study is consistent with previous findings considering that orphenadrine was not given as a bolus but infused over a duration of 60 min. Spasms and related pain were clinically alleviated or distinctly reduced at about 0.5 up to 2.0 h with an average peak at about 1 h after oral administration (alone or in combination), lasting for about 5 to 6 h or even longer [5,10,12,13,24]. With i.v.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesic Effects of Low-dose Intravenous Orphenadrine in the State of Capsaicin Hyperalgesia

Schaffler

Reitmeir²

2011

Arzneimittelforschung

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The present investigation aimed to elucidate the analgesic efficacy of 30 mg of intravenous orphenadrine citrate (CAS 4682-36-4) in a human pain model. Eighteen healthy female and male subjects were enrolled and received single infusions of 30 mg orphenadrine citrate and matching placebo in two periods which were separated by a 1 week washout period. The study was designed as a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period, cross-over trial. The intended neurogenic inflammation and hyperalgesia were induced by topical, occlusive application of 1% capsaicin solution (INCI: Capsicum frutescens, containing capsaicinoides from Capsicum annuum annuum, CAS 84603-55-4) for 30 min on defined skin areas of the back. The pain response to CO2 laser pulses applied to the capsaicin pre-treated skin was measured by event related Vertex-EEG recordings. This technique allowed studying the influence of orphenadrine citrate on the (central) P2-component and the (peripheral) Ni-component of the pain response (LSEP). Both, orphenadrine citrate and placebo were given as intravenous infusions over 60 min. Orphenadrine citrate exerted a significant reduction in central and peripheral components of the pain response when compared to placebo. The effect on the central component was highly significant and more pronounced than the peripheral effect of the drug. The analgesic effect developed fast, was already present during infusion, was ongoing, and exceeded the observational period of 4 h after start of infusion. In summary, orphenadrine citrate was able to exert an analgesic/anti-hyperalgesic effect in a low-dose paradigm (30 mg dose) which was predominantly due to central/spinal mechanisms in this capsaicin model with laser somatosensory evoked potentials.

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Management of Orofacial Pain and Other Co‐Morbidities in Oropharyngeal and Nasopharyngeal Cancer Patients

Ram¹,

Clark²

2012

Orofacial Pain

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Drug combinations with orphenadrine for pain relief associated with muscle spasm

Abstract: Analgesic potency of graded doses of a combination of orphenadrine with the common

Cited by 19 publications

References 1 publication

Adjuvant Analgesics in Cancer Pain Management

Adjuvant Analgesics in Cancer Pain Management

Analgesic Effects of Low-dose Intravenous Orphenadrine in the State of Capsaicin Hyperalgesia

Management of Orofacial Pain and Other Co‐Morbidities in Oropharyngeal and Nasopharyngeal Cancer Patients

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