Droughts, Biodiversity, and Rural Incomes in the Tropics

Noack, Frederik; Riekhof, Marie-Catherine; Falco, Salvatore Di

doi:10.1086/703487

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Wani et al (2012) discuss how watershed management in dryland tropics increases net returns from crop production, while conserving the natural resource base. In a paper similar to ours in its conclusions, Noack et al (2019) relate droughts to negative shocks in crop incomes, which are, nevertheless, partly offset by forest extraction. In addition, the authors show that more biodiversity reduces the effects of droughts.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Barren lives: drought shocks and agricultural vulnerability in the Brazilian Semi-Arid

2021

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This paper studies the effects of drought shocks in a vulnerable environment – the Brazilian Semi-Arid. We analyze the impact of drought shocks, measured as deviations from long-run historical averages, on agricultural outcomes in a region that suffers recurrently from drought. After controlling for municipality and year fixed effects, we use weather shocks to exactly identify outcomes. Our benchmark results show substantial effects on the loss of crop area and on the value of agricultural output, as well as on crop yields. As we investigate distributional effects, our results show that crops related to familiar agriculture suffer more from drought shocks. We follow our investigation by testing heterogeneity effects and show that adequate water provision and maintenance of forest cover help in reducing the impact of drought shocks.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Barren lives: drought shocks and agricultural vulnerability in the Brazilian Semi-Arid

2021

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“…Wunder et al (2014) finds that only a minority of households in a panel of 23 biodiverse countries regularly rely on forests to fill seasonal periods of high labor availability and in response to external shocks. However, Noack et al (2019) finds from the same data that the reallocation of effort towards extracting from common pool resources during periods of drought is nonetheless statistically significant.…”

Section: Natural Disastersmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…However, Noack et al. ( 2019 ) finds from the same data that the reallocation of effort towards extracting from common pool resources during periods of drought is nonetheless statistically significant.…”

Section: A Broader View Of Shocks and Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 96%

The Consequences of COVID-19 and Other Disasters for Wildlife and Biodiversity

Rondeau

Perry

Grimard

2020

Environ Resource Econ

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We review the economic channels by which the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent policy responses may affect wildlife and biodiversity. The pandemic is put in the context of more than 5,000 disease outbreaks, natural disasters, recessions and armed conflicts in a sample of 21 high biodiversity countries. The most salient feature of the pandemic is its creation of multiple income shocks to rural and coastal households in biodiverse countries, correlated across sectors of activities and spatially. Various research and policy opportunities and challenges are explored .

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“…Biodiversity (the number of species within a fixed area) reduced the negative effect of drought on household incomes in a study of 7556 agricultural households in 23 developing countries, where timber and non-timber forest products, including bush meat, provide additional income of about 20% [99]. A survey of more than 20 crops in 311 districts in India from 1966-2011 showed that prior crop diversification reduced the impact of water deficits [100].…”

Section: Role Of Biodiversity and Crop Diversificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Early Warning in Agri-Food Systems

Ginkel¹,

Biradar²

2021

Climate

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Droughts will increase in frequency, intensity, duration, and spread under climate change. Drought affects numerous sectors in society and the natural environment, including short-term reduced crop production, social conflict over water allocation, severe outmigration, and eventual famine. Early action can prevent escalation of impacts, requiring drought early warning systems (DEWSs) that give current assessments and sufficient notice for active risk management. While most droughts are relatively slow in onset, often resulting in late responses, flash droughts are becoming more frequent, and their sudden onset poses challenging demands on DEWSs for timely communication. We examine several DEWSs at global, regional, and national scales, with a special emphasis on agri-food systems. Many of these have been successful, such as some of the responses to 2015–2017 droughts in Africa and Latin America. Successful examples show that early involvement of stakeholders, from DEWS development to implementation, is crucial. In addition, regional and global cooperation can cross-fertilize with new ideas, reduce reaction time, and raise efficiency. Broadening partnerships also includes recruiting citizen science and including seemingly subjective indigenous knowledge that can improve monitoring, data collection, and uptake of response measures. More precise and more useful DEWSs in agri-food systems will prove even more cost-effective in averting the need for emergency responses, improving global food security.

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Droughts, Biodiversity, and Rural Incomes in the Tropics

Cited by 33 publications

References 61 publications

Barren lives: drought shocks and agricultural vulnerability in the Brazilian Semi-Arid

Barren lives: drought shocks and agricultural vulnerability in the Brazilian Semi-Arid

The Consequences of COVID-19 and Other Disasters for Wildlife and Biodiversity

Drought Early Warning in Agri-Food Systems

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