Drought induced tolerance to diclofop-methyl in cultivated oat

Foreman, M. H.; Field, R. J.

doi:10.30843/nzpp.1986.39.9383

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Avena sativa L. (cultivated oat) and A. fatua L. (wild oat) are usually highly susceptible to foliar applications of diclofop-methyl (Chow, 1978). However, diclofop-methyl has been found to be less effective against both species under low soil moisture conditions (Dortenzio & Nords, 1980;Foreman & Field, 1986). Rehydration of plants immediately after spraying resulted in loss of herbicide tolerance, while increasing the pedod of water stress up to 10 days after the application of diclofop-methyl produced significant and progressively greater reductions in herbicidal activity (Akey & Mordson, 1983;Field & Caseley, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different levels of mannitol‐induced water stress on the tolerance of cultivated oat (Avena sativaL.) to didofop‐methyl

et al. 1990

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Summary: The effect of degree of water stress in Avena sativa on diclofop‐methyl efficacy was assessed. Within 24 h of applying stress by adding mannitol to the root medium (0 to 12.5%), the rate of leaf extension of the youngest leaves (leaves 3 and 4) decreased with increasing mannitol concentration. Without water stress, application of diclofop‐methyl had little effect on extension rate of leaves 3 and 4 during the first 4 days after spraying. Subsequently, it caused a significant decrease in the extension rate of leaf 4 with more pronounced effects on later leaves. Diclofop‐methyl had little effect on leaf extension rate of plants given mannitol. Shoot dry weight at harvest for unsprayed plants decreased with increased mannitol concentration and for sprayed plants it was greater without mannitol than with mannitol (all levels). However, at mannitol concentrations greater than 4%, shoot dry weight for sprayed and unsprayed plants was not significantly different. Sprayed plants exposed to 2–8.5% mannitol produced seed heads but those at zero mannitol did not. When the root medium of all treatments was flushed of mannitol one week after spraying, then main‐tained without mannitol, shoot dry weight at harvest for unsprayed plants decreased slightly with increased mannitol concentration applied initially. However, shoot dry weight for sprayed plants increased with increased mannitol concentration. Without mannitol two weeks after spraying, chlorophyll concentrations of leaves 3 and 4 were greater and water saturation deficit (WSD) values were lower for unsprayed plants than sprayed plants but there were no differences at 6.2% mannitol. It is proposed that tolerance to diclofop‐methyl by A. sativa as a result of water stress, is primarily due to a decreased rate of leaf expansion resulting in lower demand for membrane synthesis and less strain on membranes damaged by the herbicide.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different levels of mannitol‐induced water stress on the tolerance of cultivated oat (Avena sativaL.) to didofop‐methyl

et al. 1990

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“…Changes in soil water potential affect weed growth and development and may also affect herbicide efficacy [17,18]. Numerous greenhouse and growth chamber studies have demonstrated that reduced soil moisture reduces the effectiveness of glyphosate on barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Soil Moisture Regimes on the Glyphosate Sensitivity and Morpho-Physiological Traits of Windmill Grass (Chloris truncata R.Br.), Common Sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.), and Flaxleaf Fleabane [Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq.]

Peerzada

Williams

O’Donnell

et al. 2021

Plants

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The glasshouse study was conducted with the objectives of (i) investigating the effect of soil moisture variations on the control efficiency of glyphosate on windmill grass (Chloris truncata R.Br.), common sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.), and flaxleaf fleabane [Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq.], (ii) evaluating the tolerance of tested weed species under soil moisture variations, and (iii) determining the morphological and physiological characteristics of these species to partially explain herbicide tolerance under periods of reduced soil moisture availability (RSM). The species’ tolerance to glyphosate increased significantly under reduced soil moisture availability (p < 0.001). The lethal dose to cause herbicide injury or biomass reduction by 50% (LD50) and 80% (LD80) in relation to untreated control for water-stressed plants [i.e., moderate soil moisture availability (MSM) and RSM] was significantly higher than that of plants grown under high soil moisture availability (HSM). The tolerance factor (TF) for C. truncata, S. oleraceus, and C. bonariensis, in terms of biomass reduction under RSM, was 2.6, 2.4, and 2.6, respectively, as compared to HSM. The results showed that the glyphosate sensitivity, especially at the sub-lethal rates, of the three weed species under study decreased as soil moisture availability reduced (p< 0.01). Overall glyphosate efficacy, in relation to the recommended rate, was unaffected, except for C. truncata; the weed survived the highest tested glyphosate rate [750 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha−1] under RSM. There was significant interaction between weed species and soil moisture regimes for weed morpho-physiological traits (p < 0.001), with reduced soil moisture having a more influential impact on the growth of C. bonariensis and S. oleraceus compared to C. truncata. Changes in the leaf characteristics, such as increased leaf thickness, higher leaf chlorophyll content, reduced leaf area, and limited stomatal activity for all the tested weed species under MSM and RSM in relation to HSM, partially explain the tolerance of species to glyphosate at sublethal rates.

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“…Soil water potential affects plant growth and development and may also affect herbicidal efficacy (8,15,16,20). Glyphosate was less effective on barnyardgrass when soil water was below field capacity (2).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Tolerance of cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.) to diclofop [(±) -2 -[4 -(2,4 -dichlorophenoxy) phenoxy] propanoic acid] was increased when it was exposed to water stress before herbicide treatment (8). Glyphosate applied at 2 kg/ha to yellow nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) was more effective at -2 bars than at -11 bars (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Watering Frequency, Drought, and Glyphosate on Growth of Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)

Dall'Armellina¹,

Zimdahl

1989

Weed sci.

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Greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine effects of watering frequency, drought stress, and a combination of watering frequency and glyphosate on growth of field bindweed. Watering daily, twice weekly, or weekly to field capacity affected field bindweed grown from seed differently than plants grown from root runner segments. Shoot and root dry matter of plants grown from seed increased when plants were watered frequently but dry matter allocated to root runners did not change when plants were watered less frequently. Plants grown from root runner segments increased their shoot and root runner dry matter when watered frequently, but root dry matter was not affected by watering frequency. Plants grown from seed had highest regrowth when watered weekly and plants grown from root runner segments had higher regrowth when watered daily. Drought reduced survival rate and dry matter of surviving plants. Frequency of watering and whether plants began from seeds or root runner segments influenced glyphosate action on field bindweed. No regrowth was observed 6 months after 1.5 kg ai/ha of glyphosate was applied to plants that had been grown for 8 weeks under three different watering frequencies.

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Drought induced tolerance to diclofop-methyl in cultivated oat

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of different levels of mannitol‐induced water stress on the tolerance of cultivated oat (Avena sativaL.) to didofop‐methyl

Effect of different levels of mannitol‐induced water stress on the tolerance of cultivated oat (Avena sativaL.) to didofop‐methyl

Effect of Soil Moisture Regimes on the Glyphosate Sensitivity and Morpho-Physiological Traits of Windmill Grass (Chloris truncata R.Br.), Common Sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.), and Flaxleaf Fleabane [Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq.]

Effect of Watering Frequency, Drought, and Glyphosate on Growth of Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)

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