Effect of Watering Frequency, Drought, and Glyphosate on Growth of Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)

Abstract

Greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine effects of watering frequency, drought stress, and a combination of watering frequency and glyphosate on growth of field bindweed. Watering daily, twice weekly, or weekly to field capacity affected field bindweed grown from seed differently than plants grown from root runner segments. Shoot and root dry matter of plants grown from seed increased when plants were watered frequently but dry matter allocated to root runners did not change when plants were watered less frequently. Plants grown from root runner segments increased their shoot and root runner dry matter when watered frequently, but root dry matter was not affected by watering frequency. Plants grown from seed had highest regrowth when watered weekly and plants grown from root runner segments had higher regrowth when watered daily. Drought reduced survival rate and dry matter of surviving plants. Frequency of watering and whether plants began from seeds or root runner segments influenced glyphosate action on field bindweed. No regrowth was observed 6 months after 1.5 kg ai/ha of glyphosate was applied to plants that had been grown for 8 weeks under three different watering frequencies.

Morphological disparities in the epidermal and anatomical features of the leaf among wild Brassica juncea populations

“…First, the cuticular layer has been proposed to be the major barrier to foliar herbicide uptake (Bukovac 1976). Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) that grows in arid regions, compared with humid regions, generally is more difficult to control.The decreased level of control was attributed to a smaller leaf area and increased cuticle thickness under arid conditions (Dall'Armellina & Zimdahl 1989). Westwood et al (1997) also reported that glyphosate-resistant field bindweed, with a greater amount of cuticle, absorbed less glyphosate than sensitive plants under the condition of low relative humidity.…”

“…Field bindweed ( Convolvulus arvensis L.) that grows in arid regions, compared with humid regions, generally is more difficult to control. The decreased level of control was attributed to a smaller leaf area and increased cuticle thickness under arid conditions (Dall'Armellina & Zimdahl 1989). Westwood et al.…”

Influence of Plant Growth Stage and Temperature on Glyphosate Efficacy in Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album)

“…The variability in phenotypes potentially would further influence the expected level of glyphosate efficacy. Reduced efficacy of glyphosate has been reported in several weed species under cool and dry conditions (Dall’Armellina and Zimdahl 1989; Jordan 1977; Masiunas and Weller 1988; Reddy 2000).…”

Caracterización morfo-anatómica de dos poblaciones de <i>Gomphrena perennis</i> L y su posible relación con la sensibilidad al herbicida glifosato

“…El control de las malezas en zonas áridas generalmente es más dificultoso que en las regiones húmedas, y ello se puede atribuir, en el caso de los herbicidas de postemergencia, a una menor área foliar y a un incremento en la capa cuticular bajo condiciones de déficit hídrico (Dall´Armellina and Zimdahl, 1989). Westwood et al…”

“…Es probable que la presencia de abundantes tricomas en la superficie foliar de G perennis provea atributos de protección, además de morigerar el impacto de las condiciones Existe información que demuestra que el control de malezas presentes en zonas áridas generalmente es más dificultoso que en las regiones húmedas, y ello se puede atribuir a una menor área foliar y a un incremento en la capa cuticular en condiciones secas (Dall´Armellina and Zimdahl, 1989). Estos antecedentes y la presencia de abundantes tricomas con teicodes asociados podrían explicar uno de los principales mecanismos de tolerancia que presenta G. perennis a la aplicación del glifosato.…”