Drought Effects on Perennial Forage Legume Yield and Quality

Peterson, Paul; Sheaffer, Craig C.; Hall, M. H.

doi:10.2134/agronj1992.00021962008400050003x

Cited by 142 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These results are in accordance with other studies showing that soil moisture deficits increased alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifoliumpratense L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) and cicer milkvetch (Astragaluscicer L.) forage quality while NDF, ADF and ADL values were decreased (Peterson et al 1992). This reduction is attributed to the amount of carbon (C) incorporated into the cell wall which decreases during water deficits (Buxton & Fales 1994), to a delayed maturity and a higher leaf: stem ratio (Peterson et al 1992;Van Soest 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Alfalfa nutritive quality as influenced by drought in South-Eastern Oasis of Tunisia

Abid

Mansour

Yahia

et al. 2016

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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Medicago sativa is the main perennial legume in many places in the world such as South-East Tunisian Oases. The widespread use of this species is due to its high adaptability, forage yield potential and to its good quality. Furthermore, the succession of drought years in South-East Tunisian Oases especially in Gabes influenced fodder distribution and digestibility. To a better understanding of the variation of the nutritive value of (Medicago sativa L.) plants, the effect of four drought levels (25%; 50%; 75% and 100% of field capacity) on nutritive quality was investigated for three populations [P1 (Gannouch); P2 (Chenini) and P3 (Tebelbou)] cultivated in these oases. Results showed that drought reduced leaves, shoots and roots dry matter, while this effect was more pronounced for above organs (values reached 1.2 mg) than below organs (values reached 1.8 mg). However, drought decreased phosphor, calcium, magnesium and nitrogen contents, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and in acid detergent lignin content for P1 and P2, this stress enhanced potassium uptake, leaves shoots and roots shoots ratios especially for P3, values passed from 1.56 for control treatment to 2.06 for 25% of field capacity. This population seems to be the most resistant to drought by maintaining reduced leaf area and elevated ratios. This result indicates that Medicago sativa succeed to maintain a good nutritive value under stress conditions. To the best of our knowledge, it is important to study the effect of this stress on others varieties to more understand its effect on nutritive value. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Alfalfa nutritive quality as influenced by drought in South-Eastern Oasis of Tunisia

Abid

Mansour

Yahia

et al. 2016

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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“…The decumbent and rhizomatous growth habit of cicer milkvetch makes it suitable for mixtures; it can utilize open space in the canopy, thereby increasing biomass production. Cicer milkvetch typically has a higher leaf:stem ratio than alfalfa (McGraw and Marten 1986;Loeppky et al 1996), particularly under drought conditions (Peterson et al 1992). …”

Section: Crop Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of research progress on cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.)

Acharya¹,

Kastelic²,

Beauchemin³

et al. 2006

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2006. A review of research progress on cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 86: 49-62. This review of cicer milkvetch includes both published and unpublished information regarding crop and seed characteristics, seed treatments, breeding, agronomic practices and nutritional value for livestock. Cicer milkvetch is a long-lived perennial, acid-and drought-tolerant crop providing high-quality forage throughout the growing season. It does not cause bloat in ruminants. Although it has caused photosensitization in ruminants, this was apparently due to specific environmental conditions and the cultivar used. Cicer milkvetch is compatible with other forage crops in mixed stands and is particularly suitable for pasture. Although the crop has many good qualities and was introduced in North America approximately 75 yr ago, it has not been utilized extensively, primarily due to slow establishment. However, stand establishment has been improved by elucidation of seed and seedling characteristics, followed by selection for heavy seed, rate of emergence, and mature plant vigor. Improved cultivars, developed through recurrent selection for rapid establishment, are now available. Seed scarification, inoculation with rhizobia, and shallow seeding into a pre-packed, warm seedbed are of great importance in cicer milkvetch establishment. Seeding later in the spring (without a companion crop) increases the probability of successful establishment of genetically improved cultivars. Development of cultivars with upright growth characteristics and long-term persistence under grazing stress, improved scarification techniques (to reduce seed loss), and a seeding protocol for successful establishment of the crop, have the potential to substantially increase utilization of this important forage legume. Cette revue bibliographique englobe l'information connue et inédite sur les caractéristiques de la plante et de la graine, les traitements grainiers, l'hybridation, les pratiques agronomiques et la valeur nutritive de cette culture pour le bétail. L'astragale est une vivace longévive qui tolère bien les sols acides et la sécheresse; elle produit un fourrage de haute qualité pendant toute la période végétative. Elle n'entraîne pas le météorisme chez les ruminants. La photosensibilisation qu'elle engendre à l'occasion chez eux semble résulter de certaines conditions environnementales ainsi que du cultivar employé. L'astragale est compatible avec d'autres plantes fourragères dans les peuplements mixtes et se prête particulièrement bien aux pâturages. En dépit de ses nombreuses qualités et de son introduction en Amérique du Nord il y a près de 75 ans, l'astragale n'est pas énormément utilisée, principalement parce qu'elle prend du temps à s'implanter. On peut néan-moins améliorer l'établissement de la culture en triant les semences et les plantules d'après leurs propriétés puis en sélectionnant les plants pour une production abondante de graines, le taux de levée et la vigueur des plants adultes. On trouve désormais sur le ma...

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“…Though considered drought-tolerant [3], Peterson et al found that red clover did not perform as well under drought stress as birdsfoot trefoil, cicer milkvetch, or alfalfa, each of which has a thick taproot [53]. Alfalfa, in particular, maintained more than twice the above-ground biomass as red clover in this study.…”

Section: Drought Tolerancementioning

confidence: 60%

Expanding Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Usage in the Corn–Soy–Wheat Rotation

2015

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Abstract:A common agronomic recommendation is under-seeding red clover to wheat in the corn-soy-wheat rotation. As a leguminous cover crop, red clover boosts agro-ecological resilience and productivity through nitrogen fixation, as well as non-nitrogen-related contributions, such as soil temperature and moisture regulation; reduction of erosion, runoff, and leaching; weed suppression; and interruption of pest and disease cycles. The objective of this paper is to propose a system that extends red clover usage into the corn phase of the corn-soy-wheat rotation as a living mulch. The system incorporates strip-tillage, strip-mowing, as well as banded herbicide and fertilizer application in order to maximize productivity and minimize competition. We analyzed the feasibility of this proposal by examining red clover's adequacy for the proposed system in comparison with other broadleaf, leguminous cover crops, and assessed potential agro-ecological benefits. We considered logistical components of the proposition, including the use of strip-tillage, the application of precision technology, as well as the opportunity for further technological developments. We found that the proposed system has potential to increase agro-ecological sustainability, resilience, and the overall productivity of this three-year rotation. Thus, this easily-implemented practice should be formally studied. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 15488

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Drought Effects on Perennial Forage Legume Yield and Quality

Cited by 142 publications

References 21 publications

Alfalfa nutritive quality as influenced by drought in South-Eastern Oasis of Tunisia

Alfalfa nutritive quality as influenced by drought in South-Eastern Oasis of Tunisia

A review of research progress on cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.)

Expanding Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Usage in the Corn–Soy–Wheat Rotation

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