Drosophila melanogaster Oogenesis: An Overview

McLaughlin, John M.; Bratu, Diana P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2851-4_1

Cited by 99 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…1A). 18 Mid-oogenesis (stages 7-8) is recognized as the period when any defective egg chambers are eliminated. 19 Between stages 8 and 10A a slow cytoplasmic flow takes place within the oocyte, which transitions to a fast-paced and highly ordered streaming at stage 10B, right before the contents of the nurse cell cytoplasm are dumped into the oocyte.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The temporally controlled expression of Drongo, the fruit fly homolog of AGFG1, is achieved in female germline cells via P-bodies and its localization requires functional Rab11

et al. 2016

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To achieve proper RNA transport and localization, RNA viruses exploit cellular vesicular trafficking pathways. AGFG1, a host protein essential for HIV-1 and Influenza A replication, has been shown to mediate release of intron-containing viral RNAs from the perinuclear region. It is still unknown what its precise role in this release is, or whether AGFG1 also participates in cytoplasmic transport. We report for the first time the expression patterns during oogenesis for Drongo, the fruit fly homolog of AGFG1. We find that temporally controlled Drongo expression is achieved by translational repression of drongo mRNA within P-bodies. Here we show a first link between the recycling endosome pathway and Drongo, and find that proper Drongo localization at the oocyte's cortex during mid-oogenesis requires functional Rab11.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The temporally controlled expression of Drongo, the fruit fly homolog of AGFG1, is achieved in female germline cells via P-bodies and its localization requires functional Rab11

et al. 2016

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“…Once inside the embryo, at day 10 of embryogenesis, the pole cells start to migrate through the midgut epithelium. These processes have been extensively reviewed in McLaughlin and Bratu (2015) and Williamson and Lehmann (1996). The migration and colonization of the embryonic gonad occur by the time the embryogenesis is complete.…”

Section: 3 Drosophila Female Germ Line Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The balance of oocyte differentiation and progression through meiosis is achieved by two major meiotic arrests during oogenesis. Prophase I of meiosis begins in region 2a of the germarium, where the events of synaptonemal complex can be visualized (reviewed in Lake and Hawley 2012; McLaughlin and Bratu 2015), and arrests in diplotene stage of prophase I at the beginning of stage 5 in the egg chamber. The remaining 15 cells develop into the nurse cells and enter an endocycle to become highly polyploid.…”

Section: 3 Drosophila Female Germ Line Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signaling-Mediated Regulation of Meiotic Prophase I and Transition During Oogenesis

Arur

2017

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation

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Generation of healthy oocytes requires coordinated regulation of multiple cellular events and signaling pathways. Oocytes undergo a unique developmental growth and differentiation pattern interspersed with long periods of arrest. Oocytes from almost all species arrest in prophase I of oogenesis that allows for long period of growth and differentiation essential for normal oocyte development. Depending on species, oocytes that transit from prophase I to meiosis I also arrest at meiosis I for fairly long periods of time and then undergo a second arrest at meiosis II that is completed upon fertilization. While there are species-specific differences in C. elegans, D. melanogaster, and mammalian oocytes in stages of prophase I, meiosis I, or meiosis II arrest, in all cases cell signaling pathways coordinate the developmental events controlling oocyte growth and differentiation to regulate these crucial phases of transition. In particular, the ERK MAP kinase signaling pathway, cyclic AMP second messengers, and the cell cycle regulators CDK1/cyclin B are key signaling pathways that seem evolutionarily conserved in their control of oocyte growth and meiotic maturation across species. Here, I identify the common themes and differences in the regulation of key meiotic events during oocyte growth and maturation.

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“…High levels of TAGs are also stored as small LDs in Drosophila stage 10 nurse cells of maturing egg chambers during oogenesis. At later stages, these LDs, together with other maternal factors, are pumped into the oocyte prior to ovulation and subsequent fertilisation, leading to development of the embryo (Li et al, 2012; McLaughlin and Bratu, 2015). The size of mature LDs varies depending on species and cell type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mTORC1 signalling mediates PI3K-dependent large lipid droplet accumulation inDrosophilaovarian nurse cells

2017

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Insulin and insulin-like growth factor signalling (IIS), which is primarily mediated by the PI3-kinase (PI3K)/PTEN/Akt kinase signalling cassette, is a highly evolutionarily conserved pathway involved in co-ordinating growth, development, ageing and nutrient homeostasis with dietary intake. It controls transcriptional regulators, in addition to promoting signalling by mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1), which stimulates biosynthesis of proteins and other macromolecules, and drives organismal growth. Previous studies in nutrient-storing germline nurse cells of the Drosophila ovary showed that a cytoplasmic pool of activated phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) controlled by Pten, an antagonist of IIS, cell-autonomously regulates accumulation of large lipid droplets in these cells at late stages of oogenesis. Here, we show that the large lipid droplet phenotype induced by Pten mutation is strongly suppressed when mTor function is removed. Furthermore, nurse cells lacking either Tsc1 or Tsc2, which negatively regulate mTORC1 activity, also accumulate large lipid droplets via a mechanism involving Rheb, the downstream G-protein target of TSC2, which positively regulates mTORC1. We conclude that elevated IIS/mTORC1 signalling is both necessary and sufficient to induce large lipid droplet formation in late-stage nurse cells, suggesting roles for this pathway in aspects of lipid droplet biogenesis, in addition to control of lipid metabolism.

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Drosophila melanogaster Oogenesis: An Overview

Cited by 99 publications

References 122 publications

The temporally controlled expression of Drongo, the fruit fly homolog of AGFG1, is achieved in female germline cells via P-bodies and its localization requires functional Rab11

The temporally controlled expression of Drongo, the fruit fly homolog of AGFG1, is achieved in female germline cells via P-bodies and its localization requires functional Rab11

Signaling-Mediated Regulation of Meiotic Prophase I and Transition During Oogenesis

mTORC1 signalling mediates PI3K-dependent large lipid droplet accumulation inDrosophilaovarian nurse cells

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