Drivers of grazing livestock efficiency: how physiology, metabolism, experience and adaptability influence productivity

Mulliniks, J. T.; Cope, E. R.; McFarlane, Z. D.; Hobbs, J. D.; Waterman, R. C.

doi:10.2527/jas.2015-0711

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In fact, regardless of treatment, all cows had a BCS between the minimum (5.0) and maximum (6.0) at calving which are acceptable values according to the NASEM [8] recommendation to allow the reproductive success of the animals during the breeding season. Our data suggest that non-supplemented cows may adapt their energy metabolism (e.g., maintenance energy) to periods of lower availability of nutrients [27] allowing them to maintain similar BCS, RA, and fat-thickness compared to supplemented cows on prepartum (Table 4). During the postpartum period, there was no significant dOM effect which ultimately produced similar BW, BCS, RA, FAT-Ld, FAT-Bf, and ADG between supplemented and non-supplemented cows (Table 4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

Effects of energy-protein supplementation frequency on performance of primiparous grazing beef cows during pre and postpartum

Moura¹,

Costa²,

Trece³

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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Objective: Twenty-four pregnant Nellore primiparous grazing cows were used to evaluate the effects of energy-protein supplementation and supplementation frequency during pre (105 d before calving) and postpartum (105 d after calving) on performance and metabolic characteristics.Methods: Experimental treatments consisted of a control (no supplementation), daily supplementation (1.5 kg/d of concentrate/animal) and infrequent supplementation (4.5 kg of concentrate/animal every three days). During the pre and postpartum periods, concentrations of blood metabolites and animal performance were evaluated. Ureagenesis and energy metabolism markers were evaluated at prepartum period.Results: Supplementation frequency did not alter (p>0.10) body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and carcass traits during pre and postpartum. The BW (p = 0.079), adjusted BW at day of parturition (p = 0.078), and ADG (p = 0.074) were greater for supplemented cows during the prepartum. The body condition score (BCS; p = 0.251), and carcass traits (p>0.10) were not affected by supplementation during prepartum. On postpartum, supplementation did not affect animal performance and carcass traits (p>0.10). The dry mater intake was not affected (p>0.10) by supplementation and supplementation frequency throughout the experimental period. Daily supplemented animals had greater (p<0.001) glucose levels than animals supplemented every three days. Supplementation and supplementation frequency did not alter (p>0.10) the levels of blood metabolites, neither the abundance of ureagenesis nor energy metabolism markers.Conclusion: In summary, our data show that the reduction of supplementation frequency does not cause negative impacts on performance and metabolic characteristics of primiparous grazing cows during the prepartum.

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mentioning

confidence: 81%

Effects of energy-protein supplementation frequency on performance of primiparous grazing beef cows during pre and postpartum

Moura¹,

Costa²,

Trece³

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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“…So, in comparison with Reproduction I, the parameter of length of the legs was larger in steers of Reproduction II by 0.70, the lengthiness of the body by 0.61,but the chest parameter was less by 0.22, blockiness by 2.45 and massiveness by 1.98 (Table 4). Some researchers believe that the most objective parameter of the acclimatization ability of animals is their productivity (Blanc et al, 2006;Mulliniks et al, 2016).The study has shown that the experimental steers in both groups had high productivity with the difference in the live weight gain between the steers of the two reproductions to be insignificant. However, there was an insignificant tendency of the live weight excess in steers of Reproduction II.…”

Section: Advances In Animal and Veterinary Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Acclimatization Ability and Meat Production of Angus Steers (Australian Selection) Imported in Lower Volga Region of Russia

Горлов¹,

Filatov²,

Sivko³

et al. 2018

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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“…Animals react by initiating adaptive responses that may alter phenotype, physiology and/or behaviour. These mechanisms have been the subject of several papers (Blanc et al, 2006;Mirkena et al, 2010;Mulliniks et al, 2016) recognising the key roles of metabolic flexibility, nutrient allocation, body reserves, behavioural strategies and temperament to explain the variability in the ability to cope with external perturbations or limiting nutritional environments. In grass-based systems, a temporary reduction in animal production or alteration in functional traits may be tolerated, provided it can recover quickly when conditions become favourable again.…”

Section: Ability To Cope With Variability Of Grass Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of robust animals for grass-based production systems

Delaby

Buckley

McHugh

et al. 2021

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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A characterisation of dairy, beef and sheep breeds and/or strains best suited to profitable/sustainable production within the context of European [semi] intensive pasture-based systems is presented. To deliver optimal performance, pasture must be managed effectively, but pasture-based systems are less energy intensive, are climate sensitive and induce challenges and constraints not normally posed to animals in intensive feeding environments. This emphasises the importance of animal traits associated with robustness and adaptive abilities. A survey of French dairy farmers concluded that a robust cow is an “invisible” cow with a long lifetime. The traits common to both indoor and grazing systems include: efficient converters of feed to human edible products, functionality, being healthy, reproductively fit and exhibiting longevity. Unique to successful grazing is the capability to achieve large intakes of forage to meet productive potential, an ability to adapt to fluctuating feed supply and, in seasonal systems, the ability to conceive and give birth at the appropriate time each year, usually within 365 d. The breed or strain of choice may differ based on local management constraints and objectives; however, general principles apply, and ideally should be guided by a suitable selection index combining all of the economically important traits appropriate to the local conditions and systems.

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Drivers of grazing livestock efficiency: how physiology, metabolism, experience and adaptability influence productivity

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

Effects of energy-protein supplementation frequency on performance of primiparous grazing beef cows during pre and postpartum

Effects of energy-protein supplementation frequency on performance of primiparous grazing beef cows during pre and postpartum

Acclimatization Ability and Meat Production of Angus Steers (Australian Selection) Imported in Lower Volga Region of Russia

Characteristics of robust animals for grass-based production systems

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