Draft Genome Sequence of
            <i>Frankia</i>
            sp. Strain CcI6, a Salt-Tolerant Nitrogen-Fixing Actinobacterium Isolated from the Root Nodule of
            <i>Casuarina cunninghamiana</i>

Mansour, Samira R.; Oshone, Rediet; Hurst, Sheldon G.; Morris, Krystalynne; Thomas, W. Kelley; Tisa, Louis S.

doi:10.1128/genomea.01205-13

Cited by 36 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Analysis of these genomes confirmed that the Frankia genome size correlates positively to host specificity and biogeography ranges [ 22 , 23 ]. Presently, genome sequences are available for all four Frankia lineages: Cluster 1 “medium and narrow host range” strains CcI3, ACN14a, CcI6, BMG5.23, Thr, and QA3 [ 23 , 26 , 29 – 31 ]; Cluster 2 “uncultured” Frankia datiscae Dg1 [ 25 ]; Cluster 3 “broad host range” strains EAN1pec, EUN1f, BMG5.12 and BCU110501 [ 23 , 24 , 27 ]; and Cluster 4 “atypical” strains EuI1c, CN3 and DC12 [ 22 , 24 ]. Atypical Frankia strains used in this study are unable to fix nitrogen, and two (strains CN3 and DC12) are unable to re-infect their host plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ins and outs of metal homeostasis by the root nodule actinobacterium Frankia

Furnholm

Tisa

2014

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundFrankia are actinobacteria that form a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with actinorhizal plants, and play a significant role in actinorhizal plant colonization of metal contaminated areas. Many Frankia strains are known to be resistant to several toxic metals and metalloids including Pb2+, Al+3, SeO2, Cu2+, AsO4, and Zn2+. With the availability of eight Frankia genome databases, comparative genomics approaches employing phylogeny, amino acid composition analysis, and synteny were used to identify metal homeostasis mechanisms in eight Frankia strains. Characterized genes from the literature and a meta-analysis of 18 heavy metal gene microarray studies were used for comparison.ResultsUnlike most bacteria, Frankia utilize all of the essential trace elements (Ni, Co, Cu, Se, Mo, B, Zn, Fe, and Mn) and have a comparatively high percentage of metalloproteins, particularly in the more metal resistant strains. Cation diffusion facilitators, being one of the few known metal resistance mechanisms found in the Frankia genomes, were strong candidates for general divalent metal resistance in all of the Frankia strains. Gene duplication and amino acid substitutions that enhanced the metal affinity of CopA and CopCD proteins may be responsible for the copper resistance found in some Frankia strains. CopA and a new potential metal transporter, DUF347, may be involved in the particularly high lead tolerance in Frankia. Selenite resistance involved an alternate sulfur importer (CysPUWA) that prevents sulfur starvation, and reductases to produce elemental selenium. The pattern of arsenate, but not arsenite, resistance was achieved by Frankia using the novel arsenite exporter (AqpS) previously identified in the nitrogen-fixing plant symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti. Based on the presence of multiple tellurite resistance factors, a new metal resistance (tellurite) was identified and confirmed in Frankia.ConclusionsEach strain had a unique combination of metal import, binding, modification, and export genes that explain differences in patterns of metal resistance between strains. Frankia has achieved similar levels of metal and metalloid resistance as bacteria from highly metal-contaminated sites. From a bioremediation standpoint, it is important to understand mechanisms that allow the endosymbiont to survive and infect actinorhizal plants in metal contaminated soils.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-1092) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ins and outs of metal homeostasis by the root nodule actinobacterium Frankia

Furnholm

Tisa

2014

BMC Genomics

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“…The fourth Frankia lineage consists of the "atypical" strains which are unable to reinfect actinorhizal host plants or form ineffective root nodule structures that are unable to fix nitrogen. Our understanding of this genus has been greatly enhanced by the sequencing of several Frankia genomes from the different Frankia lineages [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Analysis of Frankia genomes has revealed new potential with respect to metabolic diversity, natural product biosynthesis, and stress tolerance, which may help aid the cosmopolitan nature of the actinorhizal symbiosis [31,34].…”

Section: Frankia Genomics and Identification Of Metabolic Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frankia as a Biodegrading Agent

Rehan¹,

Swanson²,

Tisa³

2016

Actinobacteria - Basics and Biotechnological Applications

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The Frankia actinorhizal plant symbiosis plays an important role in colonization of soils contaminated with toxic aromatic hydrocarbons. Our understanding of the bacterial partner, Frankia, in the actinorhizal symbiosis has been greatly facilitated by the availability of sequenced genomes. The analysis of these Frankia genomes has suggested that these bacteria are metabolically diverse and have potential for toxic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation. In this chapter, we explore what is known about that metabolic potential.Keywords: Frankias-triazines, aromatic hydrocarbon degradation, P"H, bioremediation, bioinformatics, actinobacteria . IntroductionFrankia are filamentous nitrogen-fixing Gram-positive actinobacteria that are found as freeliving microbes in the soil and in symbiotic associations with actinorhizal plants [ -]. These bacteria fix nitrogen by converting atmospheric N into biologically useful ammonia and supply the host plants with a source of reduced nitrogen. Frankia are developmentally complex and form three cell types vegetative hyphae, spores located in sporangia, and vesicles. Hyphae are septate structures and form the growing state of this microbe. Under appropriate conditions, either terminal or intercalary multilocular sporangia are produced and contain many spores. When mature, the spores are released from the sporangia. The spores are presumed to aid in the survival and dispersal of Frankia in the environment. Vesicles are produced under nitrogen-limited conditions and consist of unique lipid-enveloped cellular structures that contain the enzymes responsible for nitrogen fixation. Thus, vesicles act as specialized structures for the nitrogen fixation process. Frankia are able to establish symbiotic nitrogen-© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.fixing associations with over species of woody dicotyledonous plants, termed actinorhizal plants, that are found in eight families of angiosperms [ , -]. The symbiosis with Frankia allows these actinorhizal host plants to colonize nutrient-poor soil and harsh environments. "ctinorhizal plants have been used to recolonize and reclaim industrial wastelands and environments contaminated with heavy metals and toxic aromatic hydrocarbon [ -]. The metabolic potential of these bacteria has only recently been investigated in the context of bioremediation [ -]. . . Frankia genomics and identification of metabolic potential"ased on phylogenetic analysis, Frankia strains have been classified into four main lineages [ -]. Members of lineage are found infective on host plants of the "etulaceae Alnus , Myricaceae, and Casuariaraceae families, while lineage represents strains that are infective on Rosaceae Dryas, etc. , Coriariaceae Coriaria , Datiscaceae Datisca , and the genus Ceanothus Rhamnaceae . Mem...

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“…The symbiosis allows actinorhizal plants to colonize harsh environmental terrains. Based on molecular phylogenetic analysis, four major clusters within the genus are recognized ( 5 – 9 ), and genomes for representatives from each cluster have been sequenced ( 10 – 16 ). Cluster I contains two subclusters: one subcluster (cluster Ia) represents Frankia strains with the ability to infect a wide range of host plants, including members of the Betulaceae and Myricaceae families, and the other subcluster (cluster Ib) contains strains limited to Casuarina and Allocasuarina host plants.…”

Section: Genome Announcementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…strain Thr has been used extensively in infection studies and is well characterized for its host plant interactions. Presently, two genomes from Frankia cluster Ib Casuarina -infecting strains are available ( 10 , 16 ). Frankia sp.…”

Section: Genome Announcementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Draft Genome Sequence of Frankia sp. Strain Thr, a Nitrogen-Fixing Actinobacterium Isolated from the Root Nodules of Casuarina cunninghamiana Grown in Egypt

et al. 2014

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Draft Genome Sequence of Frankia sp. Strain CcI6, a Salt-Tolerant Nitrogen-Fixing Actinobacterium Isolated from the Root Nodule of Casuarina cunninghamiana

Cited by 36 publications

References 15 publications

The ins and outs of metal homeostasis by the root nodule actinobacterium Frankia

The ins and outs of metal homeostasis by the root nodule actinobacterium Frankia

Frankia as a Biodegrading Agent

Draft Genome Sequence of Frankia sp. Strain Thr, a Nitrogen-Fixing Actinobacterium Isolated from the Root Nodules of Casuarina cunninghamiana Grown in Egypt

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