Doxycycline-loaded coaxial nanofiber coating of titanium implants enhances osseointegration and inhibitsStaphylococcus aureusinfection

Abstract

Few studies have been reported that focus on developing implant surface nanofiber (NF) coating to prevent infection and enhance osseointegration by local drug release. In this study, coaxial doxycycline (Doxy)-doped polycaprolactone/polyvinyl alcohol (PCL/PVA) NFs were directly deposited on a titanium (Ti) implant surface during electrospinning. The interaction of loaded Doxy with both PVA and PCL NFs was characterized by Raman spectroscopy. The bonding strength of Doxy-doped NF coating on Ti implants was confirmed by a stand single-pass scratch test. The improved implant osseointegration by PCL/PVA NF coatings in vivo was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, histomorphometry and micro computed tomography (μCT) at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. The bone contact surface (%) changes of the NF coating group (80%) is significantly higher than that of the no NF group (<5%, p < 0.05). Finally, we demonstrated that a Doxy-doped NF coating effectively inhibited bacterial infection and enhanced osseointegration in an infected (Staphylococcus aureus) tibia implantation rat model. Doxy released from NF coating inhibited bacterial growth up to 8 weeks in vivo. The maximal push-in force of the Doxy-NF coating (38 N) is much higher than that of the NF coating group (6.5 N) 8 weeks after implantation (p < 0.05), which was further confirmed by quantitative histological analysis and μCT. These findings indicate that coaxial PCL/PVA NF coating doped with Doxy and/or other drugs have great potential in enhancing implant osseointegration and preventing infection.

Sustained release of strontium (Sr2+) from polycaprolactone/poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)-polyvinyl alcohol coaxial nanofibers enhances osteoblastic differentiation

“…28 Our previous studies demonstrated that doxy-doped NF coating effectively inhibited bacterial infection and enhanced osseointegration in a contaminated rat tibia implantation model up to eight weeks. 5 These results supported the great potential of NF coating in the enhancement of implant osseointegration.…”

“…The lack of early osseointegration of uncemented implants is a significant source of TJR failures. 5 Insufficient early osseointegration causes implant instability, micromotion, osteolysis and loosening. 5 To improve both initial stability and long-term fixation/osseointegration, a bioactive and physiochemical properties of the implant surface is critical.…”

“…26 We have developed a doxycycline (Doxy)-doped coaxial electrospun PCL/PVA NFs as the Ti rod coating. 5 These hybrid core-sheath NFs take advantage of the slow degradation nature of PCL and the bioactivity of PVA, while minimizing the disadvantages of both. The slow degradation of the PCL concomitantly reduced the doxy diffusion from the PVA (core materials).…”

A doxycycline‐treated hydroxyapatite implant surface attenuates the progression of peri‐implantitis: A radiographic and histological study in mice

“…However, as the affinity of the antibiotics to the titanium surface is relatively low, antibiotics that retained on the implant surface may be reduced when antibiotics are being coated to titanium. Song and his collaborators directly deposited coaxial DOX‐doped polycaprolactone/polyvinyl alcohol (PCL/PVA) nanofibers (NFs) on a titanium (Ti) implant surface during electrospinning, which demonstrated that a DOX‐doped NF coating effectively inhibited bacterial infection and enhanced osseointegration in an infected ( Staphylococcus aureus ) tibia implantation rat model . Nevertheless, such DOX coating method required a special device, and other molecules than DOX were also loaded on the implant surface.…”

“…Song and his collaborators directly deposited coaxial DOX-doped polycaprolactone/polyvinyl alcohol (PCL/PVA) nanofibers (NFs) on a titanium (Ti) implant surface during electrospinning, which demonstrated that a DOX-doped NF coating effectively inhibited bacterial infection and enhanced osseointegration in an infected (Staphylococcus aureus) tibia implantation rat model. 9 Nevertheless, such DOX coating method required a special device, and other molecules than DOX were also loaded on the implant surface. We and Walter et al have also reported that DOX treatment on the implant surface enhances osseointegration of the implants.…”