Downy mildew (Peronospora parasitica) resistance genes in Arabidopsis vary in functional requirements for NDR1, EDS1, NPR1 and salicylic acid accumulation

McDowell, John M.; Cuzick, Alayne; Can, Canan; Beynon, Jim; Dangl, Jeffery L.; Holub, Eric B.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00771.x

Cited by 214 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The H. arabidopsidis isolate Hiks1 (HpaHiks1) was described previously (37,38). HpaHiks1 was grown, propagated, and applied to Arabidopsis plants as described previously (39). Using Preval sprayers, 1-wk-old seedlings were spray-inoculated with spore suspensions of HpaHiks1 (5 × 10 4 spores per mL).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An alternative polyadenylation mechanism coopted to the Arabidopsis RPP7 gene through intronic retrotransposon domestication

Tsuchiya

Eulgem

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

143

154

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Transposable elements (TEs) can drive evolution by creating genetic and epigenetic variation. Although examples of adaptive TE insertions are accumulating, proof that epigenetic information carried by such "domesticated" TEs has been coopted to control host gene function is still limited. We show that COPIA-R7, a TE inserted into the Arabidopsis thaliana disease resistance gene RPP7 recruited the histone mark H3K9me2 to this locus. H3K9me2 levels at COPIA-R7 affect the choice between two alternative RPP7 polyadenylation sites in the pre-mRNA and, thereby, influence the critical balance between RPP7-coding and non-RPP7-coding transcript isoforms. Function of RPP7 is fully dependent on high levels of H3K9me2 at COPIA-R7. We present a direct in vivo demonstration for cooption of a TE-associated histone mark to the epigenetic control of premRNA processing and establish a unique mechanism for regulation of plant immune surveillance gene expression. Our results functionally link a histone mark to alternative polyadenylation and the balance between distinct transcript isoforms from a single gene.post translational histone modification | EDM2 | Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis | PHD finger A s transposition of transposable elements (TEs) can cause detrimental mutations, TE expression must be tightly suppressed by host silencing mechanisms. In plants, besides methylation of the DNA base cytosine, the posttranslational histone modifications (PHMs) H3K9me2 (dimethylated lysine 9 of histone H3) and H3K27me1 (monomethylated lysine 27 of H3) are closely associated with transcriptional silencing of TEs (1). In Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), H3K9me2 is mainly catalyzed by the partially functionally redundant Su(var)3-9 family histone methyltransferases SUVH4/KRYPTONITE, SUVH5, and SUVH6 (2-5). ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX-RELATED PROTEIN 5 and 6 (ATXR5 and ATXR6) have overlapping roles in mediating H3K27me1 (6).Despite their detrimental potenial, TEs can also be beneficial for adaptive evolution of host genome structure and expression control (7-10). For example, TEs have been shown to influence expression of nearby genes by altering local epigenetic states or providing cis-regulatory promoter elements. In eukaryotes, the expression of protein-encoding genes is typically regulated at multiple levels including RNA polymerase II (RNAPII)-mediated transcription, pre-mRNA processing, translation, and transcript or protein turnover (11). Alternative polyadenylation (APA) has recently emerged as an important contributor to global gene regulation (12). Differential choice of APA sites (APAS) can affect the protein-coding potential of a given mRNA and/or its stability, localization, or translation efficiency (13).APA has been thought to be predominantly regulated by polyadenylation factors binding to cis elements within pre-mRNAs (14). However, such interactions seem not sufficient to explain all APA-related events observed in vivo. Importantly, RNA processing factors are recruited to pre-mRNA cotranscriptionally when the nascent transcrip...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An alternative polyadenylation mechanism coopted to the Arabidopsis RPP7 gene through intronic retrotransposon domestication

Tsuchiya

Eulgem

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

143

154

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…3). SA, ethylene, and camalexin synthesis pathways are also activated during RPP8-mediated resistance (37), although they are not required (35). A requirement for (or dispensability of) these commonly activated signaling pathways is clearly pathogen dependent (13).…”

Section: Col-lovmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant disease susceptibility conferred by a “resistance” gene

Lorang

Sweat

Wolpert

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

264

205

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The molecular nature of many plant disease resistance (R) genes is known; the largest class encodes nucleotide-binding site-leucinerich repeat (NBS-LRR) proteins that are structurally related to proteins involved in innate immunity in animals. Few genes conferring disease susceptibility, on the other hand, have been identified. Recent identification of susceptibility to the fungus Cochliobolus victoriae in Arabidopsis thaliana has enabled our cloning of LOV1, a disease susceptibility gene that, paradoxically, is a member of the NBS-LRR resistance gene family. We found LOV1 mediates responses associated with defense, but mutations in known defense response pathways do not prevent susceptibility to C. victoriae. These findings demonstrate that NBS-LRR genes can condition disease susceptibility and resistance and may have implications for R gene deployment.Cochliobolus victoriae ͉ disease susceptibility ͉ nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat ͉ victorin

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“…suggesting that there exist several (at least three) R-gene mediated signaling pathways McDowell et al, 2000). Both ndr1 and eds1 have been cloned.…”

Section: Signaling In Gene-for-gene Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%