Doublecropping Seed and Forage Crops with Small Grains in the Upper Midwest

Moomaw, R. S.; Mader, Terry L.

doi:10.2134/jpa1991.0385

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In 1997, forage DM yield also decreased linearly with later seeding at a rate of 23 to 36 kg ha −1 d −1 for all cultivars, except Tifleaf 2 millet. Tifleaf 2 tended to maintain forage yield from March to June seedings (Table 1) Greater DM yield for early seedings during the spring through summer period has been reported for several warm‐season annual grasses (Moomaw and Mader, 1991; Hattab and Harb, 1991; Mohammad, 1995). These authors attributed the lower yield of later seedings to summer droughts, cool fall temperatures, and shorter days.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Yield, Yield Distribution, and Nutritive Value of Intensively Managed Warm‐Season Annual Grasses

2001

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Yields are high, but their rapid growth rates over a short season make grazing management difficult (McCartor The annual grasses pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]and Rouquette, 1977;Rouquette et al., 1980). McCartor and sorghum-sudangrass [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] are alternatives to warm-season perennials in forage systems for lactating dairy and Rouquette (1977) reported that stocking rate recows (Bos taurus ) in the southern USA. Large fluctuations in forage quired to maintain a given grazing pressure varied sevproduction during a short growing season, however, make their maneral fold during a 90-d grazing season, and consistent agement difficult. During 2 yr, seeding date and cultivar effects on liveweight gains were difficult to maintain with summer dry matter (DM) yield, yield distribution, and nutritive value of these annuals. Improving the distribution of dry matter (DM) grasses were measured, and treatments were replicated four times.production of these species would increase their impact There were four seeding dates in 1996 starting on 10 May and six in on animal production systems. It is important to assess 1997 starting on 20 March. Seeding dates were 3 wk apart. Three whether seasonal distribution of DM production varies millet ('GK 600', 'Millex 32', and 'Tifleaf 2') and two sorghum ('Hybetween forage species or among cultivars within spegrazer' and 'SX 15') cultivars were tested. Soils were a loamy, siliceous, cies. Additionally, seeding annual forages at different thermic Grossarenic Paleaquult and a hyperthermic Grossarenic Paleudult. Total DM yield, averaged across cultivars, decreased from dates may improve forage distribution and result in for-7.4 to 5.6 Mg ha Ϫ1 from the first to the fourth seeding date in 1996 age of high nutritive value for a greater proportion of the and from 7.4 to 4.4 Mg ha Ϫ1 from the first to the sixth seeding date growing season (Causley, 1990; Chambliss et al., 1999). in 1997. Leaf percentage generally was above 70% and often greatest Within the broad objective of assessing the potential for Tifleaf 2. Seasonal distribution of DM was affected by planting of warm-season annual grasses for pasture-based dairies date but not by cultivar. In conclusion, choice of species or cultivar in the southeastern USA, research is needed that dehad less impact on the responses measured than did planting date.scribes performance of these forage species when man-Seeding at two dates approximately 3 to 6 wk apart is a good strategy aged intensively. The purpose of this study was to comfor improving yield distribution of these cultivars and providing high pare total yield, seasonal distribution of DM production, nutritive value forage for nearly 5 mo. and herbage nutritive value of pearl millet and sorghumsudangrass cultivars seeded at different dates, fertilized at relatively high N rates, and harvested frequently at the development of year-round forage systems where Treatments were arranged as a split-plot experiment in a ranforage quality is very important, such as ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Yield, Yield Distribution, and Nutritive Value of Intensively Managed Warm‐Season Annual Grasses

2001

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“…In North Dakota, earlymaturing hybrids (68 RM) yielded 12% higher than the later-maturing hybrids (85 RM) due to their ability to avoid the late-season drought conditions common in that region (Alessi and Power, 1974). Semidwarf corn was also found to be a potential second crop in a double-crop system, following a small grain forage or grain fi rst crop (Moomaw and Mader, 1991). In general, corn hybrids attain physiological maturity when the grain moisture content reaches 350 g kg −1 ; however, optimum mechanical harvesting occurs at 250 g kg −1 (Olson and Sander, 1988;Sala et al, 2007).…”

Section: Copop1 Semidwarf Corn For Grain Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding Potential of Semidwarf Corn for Grain and Forage in the Northern U.S. Corn Belt

Schaefer

Bernardo

2011

Crop Science

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Conventional, nondwarf corn {Zea mays L.) hybrids grown in the northern U.S. Corn Belt are typically >2 m tall and have a 75-to 100-d relative maturity (RM). Our objectives were to assess the potential of open-poHinated C0P0P1 semidwarf corn for grain and forage production, estimate genetic variances and heritability in C0P0P1, and develop COPOP1 subpopulations that exhibit heterosis. In 2005 and 2006, we evaluated C0P0P1 with four commercial, nondwarf hybrids at three plant population densities. Grain yield of open-pollinated COPOP1 was about half of the mean yieid of the conventionai hybrids. However, C0P0P1 had lower grain moisture (equivalent to 62 d RM) and better forage quality than the commercial hybrids. In 2007, C0P0P1 was evaluated for performance when crossed to two divergent inbred testers, LH227 and LH295. Heritability was significant for grain moisture, plant height, and ear height in testcrosses to both testers but was significant for grain yield only in testcrosses to LH227. In 2009, bulk Cycle 0 (i.e., original C0P0P1) and Cycle 1 testcrosses, nine semidwarf hybrids, C0P0P1, and three commercial hybrids were evaluated at two plant population densities. Grain yieid and most agronomic and forage traits did not improve between Cycle 0 and Cycle 1 in either testcross population. None of the semidwarf hybrids had higher grain yieids than C0P0P1. While semidwarf C0P0P1 can serve as a souroe of useful variation for improving elite germplasm in the northern U.S. Corn Beit, further selection in C0P0P1 must be done to deveiop improved semidwarf populations. Abbreviations: ASI, anthesis-silking interval; BSSS, Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic; IVTD, in vitro true digestibility; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; NDFD, neutral detergent fiber digestibility; NIRS, near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy; RM, relative maturity. I N CORN {Zea mays L.), genes such as reduced plant 1 {rdl), brachytic 2 {br2), and compact plant {ci) cause dwarfing (Nelson and Ohlrogge, 1957;Scott and Campbell, 1969;Modarres et al., 1997b;Neuffer et al., 1997). Semidwarf corn may have characteristics that make it suitable for grain and forage production in short-season environments (Dijak et al., 1999;Coors and Lauer, 2001). In particular, the limited heat units in short-season environments reduce grain yield and lessen the probability of the crop reaching physiological maturity in a given year. Semidwarf hybrids have required 10% fewer heat units than conventional hybrids to reach anthesis (Dijak et al., 1999) and generally reach physiological maturity earlier than conventional cultivars (Modarres et al., 1997a). Like semidwarf wheat {Triticum aestivum L.; Vogel et al., 1963), semidwarf sorghum {Sorghum bicolor L.; Windscheffel et al., 1973), and semidwarf rice {Oryza sativa L.; Hedden, 2003), semidwarf corn may be less prone to stalk and root lodging due to the shorter stalks and lower ear placement (Dijak et al., 1999). Semidwarf corn has the potential to produce high-quality forage due to its high ear-to-stover ratio, although dry matter y...

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“…The yield decreased from 21,000 to 12,000 kg DM ha*' for the earliest to latest planting Pearl millet, sorghum-sudangrass, and so^um produced higher forage yield. CP yield, and digestible DM yield with an early, rather than a late planting date, in double crop^nng with barley for slage and wheat for grain (Moomaw and Mader. 1991).…”

Section: Plantine Datementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1991). Them vitro dry matter digestfidity (IVDMD) and CP concentration of pearl millet were not affected by planting date, but both decreased in sorghum-sudangrass from early to later planting dates (Moomaw and Mader. 1991).…”

Section: Plantine Datementioning

confidence: 99%

Forage systems for year-round grazing by lactating dairy cows /

Fontaneli¹

1999

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Doublecropping Seed and Forage Crops with Small Grains in the Upper Midwest

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Yield, Yield Distribution, and Nutritive Value of Intensively Managed Warm‐Season Annual Grasses

Yield, Yield Distribution, and Nutritive Value of Intensively Managed Warm‐Season Annual Grasses

Breeding Potential of Semidwarf Corn for Grain and Forage in the Northern U.S. Corn Belt

Forage systems for year-round grazing by lactating dairy cows /

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