Double percolation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in polystyrene/polylactic acid blends

Nasti, Giuseppe; Gentile, Gennaro; Cerruti, Pierfrancesco; Carfagna, Cosimo; Ambrogi, Veronica

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2016.06.058

Cited by 55 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…By choosing a blend composition whose phase containing the percolated conductive filler is continuous or a blend with co-continuous structure, the amount of required conductive filler for attaining the insulator-conducting transition (percolation threshold) is usually lower that that employed in single polymer matrix. This phenomenon is known as double percolation and has been reported for several CNT-loaded thermoplastic binary blends, including acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene (ABS) copolymers with PA6 (Poyekar et al, 2014(Poyekar et al, , 2015a, ABS/ polycarbonate (PC) (Xiong et al, 2013), poly(Llactide) (PLA)/(EVA) (Shi et al, 2013), PS/PP (Hwang et al, 2012), PS/PE (Patra et al, 2015), PS/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) (Ren et al, 2017), PS/EVA (Soares et al, 2018), and PS/PLA (Nasti et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Double Percolation of Melt-Mixed PS/PBAT Blends Loaded With Carbon Nanotube: Effect of Molding Temperature and the Non-covalent Functionalization of the Filler by Ionic Liquid

et al. 2019

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Polystyrene/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PS/PBAT) composites loaded with different amounts of carbon nanotube (CNT) were prepared by melt mixing followed by compression molding at different temperatures. The effect of the non-covalent functionalization of CNT with the ionic liquid (IL), trihexyl(tetra decyl)-phosphonium bis-triflimide on the electrical and rheological properties of the composites with co-continuous morphology was investigated. The AC electrical conductivity of the composites loaded with 0.16 wt.% of pristine CNT jumped from 10 −7 to 10 −3 S/m by increasing the molding temperature from 180 to 200 • C. Moreover, conductivity as high as 0.8 S/m was achieved in composite containing 0.66 wt.% of CNT. The outstanding electrical performance was attributed to the double percolation and the selective localization of CNT within PBAT phase. The functionalization with IL resulted in an increase of the conductivity for composites containing low amount of filler. IL-functionalized CNT resulted in a decrease of the melt viscosity and storage modulus due to the plasticizing effect of IL. However, for the system containing IL/CNT = 5:1 wt.%, the modulus increased significantly due to the formation of the percolated networked structure of the filler within the polymer matrix.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Double Percolation of Melt-Mixed PS/PBAT Blends Loaded With Carbon Nanotube: Effect of Molding Temperature and the Non-covalent Functionalization of the Filler by Ionic Liquid

et al. 2019

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“…In the circumstances, the construction of double percolated structure in CPCs has been illustrated to maintain the electrical property and improve the mechanical performance . In such double percolated conductive networks, conductive fillers are incorporated directly into incompatible binary polymer blends and selectively located in one of the polymer matrices or at the interfaces . For instance, the carrier polymer polyethylene (PE) for CNTs was used to prepare CNT/PP/PE CPCs and the interfacial adhesion between the PP granules was significantly enhanced by the presence of conductive PE/CNTs binder, resulting in the balance among electrical conductivity and mechanical property .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 In such double percolated conductive networks, conductive fillers are incorporated directly into incompatible binary polymer blends and selectively located in one of the polymer matrices or at the interfaces. [23][24][25][26][27] For instance, the carrier polymer polyethylene (PE) for CNTs was used to prepare CNT/PP/PE CPCs and the interfacial adhesion between the PP granules was significantly enhanced by the presence of conductive PE/CNTs binder, resulting in the balance among electrical conductivity and mechanical property. 28 Shi et al used poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) as the percolated phase to fabricate MWCNTs/ poly(L-lactide)/PCL composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substantially improving mechanical property of double percolated poly(phenylene sulfide)/poly(arylenesulfide sulfone)/graphene nanoplates composites with superior electromagnetic interference shielding performance

Chang

Cao

Yang

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) can be conspicuously enhanced at low conductive filler contents with the formation of segregated structure in the conductive polymer composites (CPCs). Nevertheless, poor interface adhesion of segregated composites results in poor mechanical properties due to the selective distribution of conductive fillers. In this work, a flexible approach was applied to fabricate the poly(phenylene sulfide)/poly(arylene sulfide sulfone)/graphene nanoplates (GNPs) composite with a unique double percolated structure. This composite exhibits an outstanding EMI SE of 38.8 dB with only 3 wt % GNPs, which is comparable to that of the conventional segregated structure counterpart. What is more, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of double percolated composites with 3 wt % GNPs are remarkably improved by ~892 and ~274% compared to conventional segregated structure, achieving 37.7 and 1788.3 MPa, respectively. This work provides a valuable method for producing CPCs with high EMI shielding performances and outstanding mechanical properties. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 137, 48709.

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“…Such composites have many fascinating properties due to their versatility of applications in antistatic devices, electromagnetic interference shielding materials, capacitors, and sensors [23]. A significant reduction in percolation concentration of CNTs due to the BDP has been reported [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The DP in CNT epoxy composites has been attributed to a static (at higher concentration) and to a kinetic network formation (at lower concentration) processes [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-step percolation in aggregating systems

Lebovka¹,

Bulavin²,

Kovalchuk³

et al. 2017

Condens. Matter Phys.

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The two-step percolation behavior in aggregating systems was studied both experimentally and by means of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. In experimental studies, the electrical conductivity, σ, of colloidal suspension of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in decane was measured. The suspension was submitted to mechanical de-liquoring in a planar filtration-compression conductometric cell. During de-liquoring, the distance between the measuring electrodes continuously decreased and the CNT volume fraction ϕ continuously increased (from 10 −3 up to ≈ 0.3% v/v). The two percolation thresholds at ϕ 1 10 −3 and ϕ 2 ≈ 10 −2 can reflect the interpenetration of loose CNT aggregates and percolation across the compact conducting aggregates, respectively. The MC computational model accounted for the core-shell structure of conducting particles or their aggregates, the tendency of a particle for aggregation, the formation of solvation shells, and the elongated geometry of the conductometric cell. The MC studies revealed two smoothed percolation transitions in σ(ϕ) dependencies that correspond to the percolation through the shells and cores, respectively. The data demonstrated a noticeable impact of particle aggregation on anisotropy in electrical conductivity σ(ϕ) measured along different directions in the conductometric cell.

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Double percolation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in polystyrene/polylactic acid blends

Cited by 55 publications

References 66 publications

Double Percolation of Melt-Mixed PS/PBAT Blends Loaded With Carbon Nanotube: Effect of Molding Temperature and the Non-covalent Functionalization of the Filler by Ionic Liquid

Double Percolation of Melt-Mixed PS/PBAT Blends Loaded With Carbon Nanotube: Effect of Molding Temperature and the Non-covalent Functionalization of the Filler by Ionic Liquid

Substantially improving mechanical property of double percolated poly(phenylene sulfide)/poly(arylenesulfide sulfone)/graphene nanoplates composites with superior electromagnetic interference shielding performance

Two-step percolation in aggregating systems

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