Double organic groups‐containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane filled epoxy with enhanced fire safety

Abstract

To simultaneously improve the flame retardancy, smoke suppression, mechanical properties, and dielectric properties of epoxy resin (EP), a series of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing vinyl and epoxy groups (EV-POSSs) was designed and successfully synthesized. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and mass spectra indicated that the EV-POSSs possessed two main cage structures, T 10 and T 12 . The epoxy groups attaching to POSS connected the polymer main chains, forming higher crosslinking-density networks. The self-polymerization of vinyl groups under high temperatures improved the mechanical property and the quality of char residues. Based on our study, the introduction of EV-POSSs can enhance the flame retardancy, smoke suppression, mechanical and dielectric properties.Compared with pure EP, the dielectric constant of EP containing 2 wt% EV-POSS dropped from 3.9 to 3.6 at 10 6 Hz. In addition, with the 10 wt% EV-POSSs, the peak of heat release rate and total smoke production also reduced by 50.7% and 36.7%, respectively. Most notably, the maximum smoke density declined by 44.8% due to the EV-POSSs simultaneously containing epoxy and vinyl groups show comprehensive enhancement and occupy spacious applications.

Flame retarded polyurethane vitrimers containing isocyanurate rings: Synthesis and properties

“…In another aspect, the addition of flame retarded additives could generally deteriorate the mechanical and thermal insulation properties because of their poor compatibility with polymer matrices. 8 An alternative strategy is to explore intrinsic flame retarded polymers which are based on the monomers containing P, 5,9,10 N, [11][12][13] Si 14 or other flame retarded elements. 3,15 N-containing flame retarded components seem more promising, from the viewpoint of sustainability, since N-containing compounds can be sourced widely from biomass.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel DOPO-Based Flame Retardant Intermediate and Its Flame Retardancy as a Polystyrene Intrinsic Flame Retardant

“…However, polystyrene is easy to burn when heated, which will release toxic gases and a large amount of smoke, and can melt, drip, and flow in the combustion process, thus making the fire spread. Therefore, it is imperative to improve the flame retardant performance of polystyrene. − According to the flame retardant system, it mainly includes mineral flame retardant, halogen flame retardant, phosphorus flame retardant, silicone flame retardant, biobased flame retardant, and so on. − Among them, halogen flame retardants are all the rage, but they are prohibited because of their toxicity and bioaccumulation. ,,− Phosphorus flame retardants have attracted much attention because of their excellent flame retardant efficiency and environmental friendliness, and have gradually become one of the research hotspots in today’s society. ,,,− Phosphorus flame retardants mainly include ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hypophosphite, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) and its derivatives. ,,,, Phosphorus flame retardants will produce phosphoric acid or similar substances during thermal degradation, which can inhibit the combustion process of the condensed phase. In addition, PO · radicals produced by phosphorus flame retardants have a gas phase flame retardant effect. ,, …”

Transparent, Hydrolysable and Flame Retarded Bio-based Epoxy Resins via Catalyst-free Polymerization of Triglycidyl Isocyanurate and Aliphatic Diacids

“…Epoxy resins (ERs) are widely used in transportation, construction, electronics, machinery and other fields due to their excellent mechanical properties, bonding properties, chemical stability and dimensional stability [1][2][3][4][5]. However, current commercial ERs are flammable, restricting their further applications in fields where fire resistance is required, e.g., in the construction field.…”

“…However, there is some negative influence in this case, such as poor compatibility between ERs and flame retardant additives, migration of additives from ERs, etc. One of the solutions is to introduce flame retardant segments containing P [13][14][15], N [16][17][18][19], Si [4] or other flame retarded elements [5,20,21] into the backbones or side groups in bio-based ERs. Tailoring compounds with (poly)aromatic structure from biomass to the structure of epoxy building blocks can also improve the flame retardancy of ERs [11,16,22].…”