Dose-Related Cognitive Deficits among Floor Layers with Previous Heavy Exposure to Solvents

Nilson, Linda Nordling; Bäckman, Lars; Sällsten, Gerd; Hagberg, S; Barregård, Lars

doi:10.3200/aeoh.58.4.208-217

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In 89 retired male workers with previous long-term exposure to solvents assessed retrospectively [30] , lower mean scores on test measures of motor, memory and reasoning ability were described. The study with the longest follow-up was performed in Sweden [8,31] ; Nilson et al followed 41 floor layers exposed to organic solvents (solvent-based glues) and 40 carpenters using 10 neuropsychological tests at baseline and then again at a 18-year follow-up. This study assessed exposures extensively and found that among the oldest subjects higher cumulative exposure was associated with decrements in visual episodic memory, perceptual speed and attention and visuospatial skill with significant dose-effect associations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some findings also suggest residual CNS dysfunction, persisting years after the end of exposure, particularly with long-term exposure to organic solvents [6] . Neuropsychological changes associated with acute and chronic exposure to organic solvents have been well documented in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in those still at work or less than 60 years old [4,7,8] . Neuroimaging results also appear to support these findings [9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occupational Exposure to Solvents and Cognitive Performance in the GAZEL Cohort: Preliminary Results

Berr

Vercambre

Bonenfant

et al. 2010

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background: The impact of occupational exposure to solvents on cognitive ageing remains unclear. We examined whether long-term occupational exposure is associated with poor cognitive performance in late midlife. Methods: Participants in the GAZEL cohort, set up in 1989, are employees of the French national electricity and gas company. Data on the working environment were used to create measures of cumulative exposures to solvents using a job-exposure matrix. In 2002–2004, cognitive performance was assessed using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and the Mini Mental State Examination in 5,242 participants (aged 55–65 years). Results: In cross-sectional analysis using multiple logistic regression, there was a greater risk of poor cognitive performance (DSST score <25th percentile) among those with high exposure to benzene (OR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.31–1.90) and the grouped categories of chlorinated (OR = 1.39; 95% CI 1.3–2.3), aromatic (OR = 1.76; 95% CI 1.08–2.87), and petroleum solvents (OR = 1.50; 95% CI 1.23–1.81). Conclusions: These results suggest that occupational exposures to solvents may be associated later in life with cognitive impairment, even after taking into account the effects of education, employment grade, and numerous health factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Exposure to Solvents and Cognitive Performance in the GAZEL Cohort: Preliminary Results

Berr

Vercambre

Bonenfant

et al. 2010

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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show abstract

“…Some ndings also suggest residual CNS dysfunction, persisting years a er the end of exposure, particularly with long-term exposure to organic solvents [25]. Neuropsychological changes associated with acute and chronic exposure to organic solvents have been well documented in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on those still at work or under 60 years of age [23,26,27].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of long-term low-level solvent exposure on cognitive function

Saygun

Ekici²,

Muluk³

et al. 2012

CIM

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TurkeyE ects of long-term low-level solvent exposure on cognitive function Abstract Purpose: e e ects of long-term low-level exposures to solvents on cognitive function were investigated.Methods: A total of 389 workers at a gun factory, those exposed to solvents (n=193) and those that were not exposed to solvents during work (n=196), were included. All the workers were given a questionnaire. Cognitive function was evaluated by Mini-mental Status Examination (MMSE) and psychological status was assessed by Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Scale. Results:No di erences were found in the MMSE and HAD scores between solventexposed workers and control workers (p>0.05). In the workers who had used a mask for a longer time, orientation scores were lower. Daytime sleepiness was related to lower recall scores.. Le -handed workers had higher total HAD scores than right-handed workers.Conclusions: Long-term low-level exposure to solvents did not a ect cognitive function in the workers, according to their MMSE scores. Duration of solvent exposure was also not related to MMSE Scores. Short sleep duration and daytime sleepiness may negatively a ect cognitive function.

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“…Petrochemicals, solvents, and hydrogen sulfide have all been associated with deficits in neuropsychological function (37,38). Divers can be exposed to these agents by diving in contaminated water, where the toxins can be absorbed through the skin or inhaled in accidentally contaminated breathing gas, either in the diver's gas supply or from a contaminated atmosphere in the diving bell or pressure chamber habitat (36,39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Objective neuropsychological test performance of professional divers reporting a subjective complaint of “forgetfulness or loss of concentration”

Taylor¹,

Macdiarmid²,

Ross³

et al. 2006

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Objective This study attempted to determine whether the higher prevalence of reported "forgetfulness or loss of concentration" among professional divers can be confirmed using objective neuropsychological tests. Secondary aims were to qualify the functional nature of the complaints and to ascertain whether reduced performance was linked to diving history. MethodsIn a case-control study, the neuropsychological test performance of divers complaining of moderate or severe "forgetfulness or loss of concentration" was compared with two age-matched control groups reporting no or slight "forgetfulness or loss of concentration" ("nonforgetful" divers and "nonforgetful" nondivers). The group differences were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of co-variance, followed by canonical discriminant function analysis. Altogether 102 divers with a complaint, 100 nonforgetful divers, and 100 nonforgetful nondivers completed the study. ResultsThe overall neuropsychological performance differed significantly between the groups [Pillai's trace: F(24,484)=2.04, P=0.003]. Verbal memory (Logical Memory and the California Verbal Learning Test), current intelligence (Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence), and sustained attention (rapid visual processing) were poorer among the divers with a complaint than among the nonforgetful divers or the nonforgetful nondivers. The tests of memory, but not those of executive function, differentiated the divers with complaints from the two control groups. Mixed gas bounce diving and surface oxygen decompression diving, but not other techniques, were negatively associated with memory performance.Conclusions A cognitive complaint of divers was confirmed using objective tests of neuropsychological performance. Memory, rather than executive function, was affected at the group level, but only to a mild degree. The relationships between diving experience and neuropsychological test performance were small and only seen with diving techniques used in the offshore oil and gas industry.

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Dose-Related Cognitive Deficits among Floor Layers with Previous Heavy Exposure to Solvents

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Occupational Exposure to Solvents and Cognitive Performance in the GAZEL Cohort: Preliminary Results

Occupational Exposure to Solvents and Cognitive Performance in the GAZEL Cohort: Preliminary Results

Effects of long-term low-level solvent exposure on cognitive function

Objective neuropsychological test performance of professional divers reporting a subjective complaint of “forgetfulness or loss of concentration”

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