Dor e comportamento de mulheres durante o trabalho de parto e parto em diferentes posições

Abstract

Portuguese / English: www.scielo.br/reeusp RESUMO Avaliou-se a intensidade da sensação dolorosa e o comportamento, durante o trabalho de parto e parto, entre mulheres que tiveram parto normal, sem analgesia, nas posições semi-sentada, decúbito lateral esquerdo e litotomia. O estudo foi descritivo, transversal e correlacional. Foram usados um questionário validado que avalia dor e comportamento durante o trabalho de parto e parto, segundo a perspectiva da mulher, e duas escalas de dor: uma analógica e outra alfanumérica. Observou-se que a dor entre as mulheres que pariram em litotomia foi significativamente menor em comparação com decúbito lateral esquerdo (p=0,003), embora a posição tenha sido escolhida pela mulher. Houve associação entre dor e comportamento. A dor no trabalho de parto e parto estavam associadas entre si, assim como o comportamento nesses dois momentos. Os resultados indicam uma associação entre posição no parto e sensação dolorosa, mas não foi possível identificar fatores explicativos, sendo necessário desenvolver estudos longitudinais. DESCRITORES ABSTRACTThis study evaluated the pain intensity and behavior during labor and delivery, among women who had natural childbirth, without analgesia, in one of the following positions: semi-sitting, lying on the left side, and lithotomy. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study. The instruments used were a validated questionnaire that evaluates pain and behavior during labor and childbirth, from the women's perspective, and two pain scales: one analog and one alphanumerical. It was observed that the pain among women who had childbirth in a lithotomy position was significantly smaller compared to those lying on the left side (p=0.003), though women chose the positions. There was an association between pain and behavior. Pain in labor and childbirth were associated among each other, as was the behavior in these two moments. The results point at an association between the position at childbirth and pain, but it was not possible to identify factors to explain this association; therefore, there is a need for longitudinal studies. DESCRIPTORS RESUMENSe evaluó intensidad de sensación dolorosa y comportamiento durante trabajo de parto y parto entre mujeres con parto normal, sin analgesia, en posiciones: semi-sentada, decúbito lateral izquierdo y litotomía. Estudio descriptivo, transversal, correlacional. Fueron usados un cuestionario validado que evalúa dolor y comportamiento durante trabajo de parto y parto según la perspectiva de la mujer, y dos escalas de dolor: una analógica y otra alfanumérica. Se observó que el dolor entre las mujeres que parieron por litotomía fue significativamente menor en comparación con decúbito lateral izquierdo (p=0,003), a pesar de ser la mujer quien eligió tal posición. Hubo asociación entre dolor y comportamiento. Los dolores en trabajo de parto y parto tuvieron mutua asociación, así como el comportamiento en tales momentos. Los resultados indican asociación entre posición de parto y sensación dolorosa, p...

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