Donor-matched comparison of dental pulp stem cells and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model

Abstract

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) have drawn much interest for the regeneration of mineralized tissues, and several studies have compared DPSC to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC). However, conflicting results, possibly due to donor-associated variability, have been published and the regenerative potential of DPSC is currently unclear. In the present study we have sought to address this problem using a donor-matched experimental design to robustly compare the biological properties of DPSC and BMMSC. All experiments were performed using cells isolated from a single adult Sprague-Dawley rat. Our results show that DPSC and BMMSC had similar morphologies and flow cytometry profiles, were capable of forming colonies in vitro, and were capable of osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. However, quantitative comparisons revealed that DPSC had a faster population doubling time and a higher percentage of stem/progenitor cells in the population as determined by clonogenic assays. Furthermore, while both cell populations formed mineral in vitro, DPSC had significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity than BMMSC after three weeks in osteogenic medium. These data show several key differences between DPSC and BMMSC and support the possibility of using DPSC for mineralized tissue regeneration.

The role of oncostatin M regulates osteoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells through STAT3 pathway

“…DPSCs have the potential to differentiate into several lineages including osteogenic, adipocyte, muscle, neurons and cartilage (Gronthos et al 2000;Lee et al 2013;Nakatsuka et al 2010;Arthur et al 2008). Comparison of their multipotency with bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), has demonstrated that proliferation, availability, and cell number of DPSCs were more elevated than for bone marrow MSCs (Huang et al 2009;Alge et al 2010). Moreover, DPSCs can easily be isolated from human pulp tissue and do not cause ethical and technical problems (Rodríguez-Lozano et al 2012).…”

The effect of mechanical loading on osteogenesis of human dental pulp stromal cells in a novel in vitro model

“…Human dental pulp stromal cells (hDPSCs) were characterized as stem cells in 2000 (Alge et al 2010;Gronthos et al 2000). Thereafter, a number of studies confirmed that these cells are multi-potential and have the capacity to differentiate into progenitors which can 7 form bone, cartilage, adipose tissues, and so on (Laino et al 2005;Min et al 2008;Nakashima et al 2009;Zhang et al 2008).In recent years, it has been reported that mechanical loading could promote hDPSCs osteogenic differentiation and produce bone like tissue (Kraft et al 2010;Kraft et al 2011;Yu et al 2009b).…”

Reduction of Gingival Black Triangles with Dental Pulp or Gingival Stem Cell Injection Therapy: Clinical and Outcomes Research Gaps

“…DPSCs can differentiate into different kinds of cells and tissues [4], especially bone-like tissue, and their multipotency has been compared to those of Bone Marrow Stem Cells (BMSCs). It has been demonstrated that proliferation, availability, and cell number of DPSCs are greater than BMSCs [5]. DPSC has also been used to regenerate nerves [6], cornea [7], bladder and renal tissues [8], skeletal muscles [9], lung tissue [10] and has demonstrated good angiogenic [11] and neurogenic potential.…”