Dominance rank and the presence of sexually receptive females predict feces-measured body temperature in male chimpanzees

Negrey, Jacob D.; Sandel, Aaron A.; Langergraber, Kevin E.

doi:10.1007/s00265-019-2788-3

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…This difference corresponds to differences in reproductive output: male chimpanzee fertility peaks in early-to-mid adulthood, around 20 years at Gombe [70] and 25 years at Kanyawara [71] and Ngogo (KE Langergraber 2020, unpublished data), whereas female chimpanzee fertility shows no distinct age-related peak [72]. During years of heightened reproductive output, male chimpanzees compete for receptive females, an activity that imposes substantial energetic costs [26,73,74] and may necessitate decreased investment in other energetically costly processes, such as somatic maintenance. Notably, we also observed an age-related increase in viral load in females for a single virus (bufavirus), suggesting that not all viruses follow the pattern predicted by life-history theory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demography, life-history trade-offs, and the gastrointestinal virome of wild chimpanzees

Negrey

Thompson

Langergraber

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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In humans, senescence increases susceptibility to viral infection. However, comparative data on viral infection in free-living non-human primates—even in our closest living relatives, chimpanzees and bonobos ( Pan troglodytes and P. paniscus )—are relatively scarce, thereby constraining an evolutionary understanding of age-related patterns of viral infection. We investigated a population of wild eastern chimpanzees ( P. t. schweinfurthii ), using metagenomics to characterize viromes (full viral communities) in the faeces of 42 sexually mature chimpanzees (22 males, 20 females) from the Kanyawara and Ngogo communities of Kibale National Park, Uganda. We identified 12 viruses from at least four viral families possessing genomes of both single-stranded RNA and single-stranded DNA. Faecal viromes of both sexes varied with chimpanzee age, but viral richness increased with age only in males. This effect was largely due to three viruses, salivirus, porprismacovirus and chimpanzee stool-associated RNA virus (chisavirus), which occurred most frequently in samples from older males. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis that selection on males for early-life reproduction compromises investment in somatic maintenance, which has delayed consequences for health later in life, in this case reflected in viral infection and/or shedding. Faecal viromes are therefore useful for studying processes related to the divergent reproductive strategies of males and females, ageing, and sex differences in longevity. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Evolution of the primate ageing process'.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demography, life-history trade-offs, and the gastrointestinal virome of wild chimpanzees

Negrey

Thompson

Langergraber

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…We did not take social relationship between opponents into consideration for our analysis of the behaviours of interest. However, the relationship shared between individuals can modulate the physiological response (e.g., testosterone level; Negrey et al, 2023) and the extent to which social tension behaviour increases after a conflict, for example in non-human primates (Aureli, 1997). Because previous research found that in naturalistic observational studies it is possible to infer interpersonal relationships by looking at specific non-verbal cues (Liebst et al, 2023), future studies may use a similar approach and investigate how social bond can affect anxiety and anger expression also in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social tension in the aftermath of public conflicts: an ethological analysis in humans

Pallante,

Norscia,

Lindegaard

2023

Preprint

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In social mammals, conflicts are stressful events for the individuals involved. In the post-conflict context, it is possible to detect the emotional state of the former opponents through the expression of displacement activities and aggressive behaviours, which indicate an increase of social tension. In humans, stressful events also induce a physiological response which leads to increased social tension behaviours. However, the variation of such behaviours in the post-conflict conflict, has never been investigated. By conducting a video analysis of street fights recorded by Close Circuit Television cameras, we assessed the variation of behaviours associated with anxiety, aggression related anger and other behaviours possibly related to both anxiety and anger (body postures and talking with gestures) in human opponents. We compared the expression of social tension behaviours before and after the eruption of the conflict and found that displacement activities (related to anxiety), aggressive behaviours (related to anger) and talking with gestures (possibly related to anxiety/anger), but not body postures, increased in post-conflict context. Moreover, displacement activities and aggressive patterns showed a temporal variation, decreasing in the 10 minutes following the conflict. Finally, different from anger-related behaviours, the level of anxiety-related behaviours was more sensitive to aggression intensity, indicating that different social tension behaviours rely on different responses that might be separated. With our study we were able to highlight the importance of the ethological approach for the study of post-conflict social tension in humans, which show a variation in its expression as observed in nonhuman primates. Following a similar comparative approach, we encourage further studies to explore the role of social tension in affecting post-conflict social dynamics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other less invasive measures of an animal's body temperature include measuring the temperature of an animal's feces to approximate its core body temperature. For example, fecal temperature has been used as a proxy for core body temperature in chimpanzees (Jensen et al, 2009; Negrey et al, 2020) based on limited evidence that fecal temperatures approximate rectal temperature in humans. However, given the infrequency of defecation point‐sampling, and the fact that core body temperatures can fluctuate over 24 h, and over even shorter time intervals for a multitude of reasons (e.g., drinking, behavioral thermoregulation, microclimate selection, the intensity of activity: McFarland et al., 2015, 2019, 2020), this method offers very little information on the regulation of core body temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared thermography cannot be used to approximate core body temperature in wild primates

McFarland

Barrett

Fuller

et al. 2020

American J Primatol

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Understanding the physiological processes that underpin primate performance is key if we are to assess how a primate might respond when navigating new and changing environments. Given the connection between a mammal's ability to thermoregulate and the changing demands of its thermal environment, increasing attention is being devoted to the study of thermoregulatory processes as a means to assess primate performance. Infrared thermography can be used to record the body surface temperatures of free-ranging animals. However, some uncertainty remains as to how these measurements can be used to approximate core body temperature. Here, we use data collected from wild vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) to How to cite this article: McFarland R, Barrett L, Fuller A, et al. Infrared thermography cannot be used to approximate core body temperature in wild primates.

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Dominance rank and the presence of sexually receptive females predict feces-measured body temperature in male chimpanzees

Cited by 6 publications

References 127 publications

Demography, life-history trade-offs, and the gastrointestinal virome of wild chimpanzees

Demography, life-history trade-offs, and the gastrointestinal virome of wild chimpanzees

Social tension in the aftermath of public conflicts: an ethological analysis in humans

Infrared thermography cannot be used to approximate core body temperature in wild primates

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