Dominance of Epsilonproteobacteria associated with a whale fall at a 4204 m depth – South Atlantic Ocean

Cavalett, Angélica; Silva, Marcus Adonai Castro da; Toyofuku, Takashi; Mendes, Rodrigo; Taketani, Rodrigo Gouvêa; Pedrini, Jéssica; Freitas, Robert Cardoso de; Sumida, Paulo Yukio Gomes; Yamanaka, Toshiro; Nagano, Yuriko; Pellizari, Vivian H.; Pérez, José Ángel Álvarez; Kitazato, Hiroshi; Lima, André Oliveira de Souza

doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.012

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Since the first recognition of the whale-fall chemosynthetic ecosystems in deep sea off California by Smith et al ( 1989 ), it is known that metazoan communities in whale-fall ecosystems contain many new species and evolutionary novelties, including bone-eating worms and snails with faunal overlap with other deep-sea chemosynthetic communities, such as hydrothermal vents, cold seeps and wood falls (Fujiwara et al 2010 ; Sumida et al 2016 ). Prokaryotic communities in whale-fall chemosynthetic environments have been well investigated and documented (Deming et al 1997 ; Smith et al 1998 ; Goffredi et al 2008 ; Miyazaki et al 2008 , 2010 ; Goffredi and Orphan 2010 ; Danise et al 2012 ; Cavalett et al 2017 ). However, to the best of our knowledge, one of the most important component groups of organisms in many ecosystems, fungi, has never been investigated in whale-fall chemosynthetic environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptic fungal diversity revealed in deep-sea sediments associated with whale-fall chemosynthetic ecosystems

et al. 2020

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In this study, sediments from whale-fall chemosynthetic ecosystems (two different sites, one naturally occurring at 4200 m water depth in South Atlantic Ocean and one artificially immersed at 100 m water depth in Kagoshima Bay, Japan) were investigated by Ion Torrent PGM sequencing of the ITS region of ribosomal RNA to reveal fungal communities in these unique marine environments. As a result, a total of 107 (897 including singletons) Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were obtained from the samples explored. Composition of the 107 OTUs at the phylum level among the five samples from two different whale-fall sites was assigned to Ascomycota (46%), Basidiomycota (7%), unidentified fungi (21%), non-fungi (10%), and sequences with no affiliation to any organisms in the public database (No-match) (16%). The high detection of the unidentified fungi and unassigned fungi was revealed in the whale-fall environments in this study. Some of these unidentified fungi are allied to early diverging fungi and they were more abundant in the sediments not directly in contact with whalebone. This study suggests that a cryptic fungal community exists in unique whale-fall ecosystems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptic fungal diversity revealed in deep-sea sediments associated with whale-fall chemosynthetic ecosystems

et al. 2020

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“…These three genera are often reported among the dominant groups in whale fall carcasses during the sulphophilic stage (Allison et al 1991; Deming et al 1997; Cavalett et al 2017), in hydrothermal vents (He et al 2015; Fortunato and Huber 2016; Meier et al 2017; Cerqueira et al 2018), and other sulphur rich environments (Yamamoto et al 2010; Akerman, Butterfield and Huber 2013). Campylobacterota was also found to be a dominant group in the only microbiological survey on whale fall performed in the south Atlantic Ocean to date (Cavalett et al 2017). The authors reported that sediment samples collected underneath a whale carcass found at 4200 m contained high proportions of Epsilonproteobacteria - the taxa previously assigned to this class are now included in the phylum Campylobacterota, according Silva v. 138 (Bizic et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such comparison on the chemosynthetic microbial communities has not been performed to date, as most surveys are concentrated in the north Pacific Ocean and Mediterranean, and mainly focused on the macrofauna characterisation (e.g. : Baco and Smith 2003; Goffredi et al 2004; Lundsten et al 2010; McClain and Barry 2014), with lower efforts to describe microbial composition (Bienhold et al 2013; Fagervold et al 2013; Cavalett et al 2017; Ristova et al 2017; Taboada et al 2020). To date, in the south Atlantic, only one study investigated the bacterial community in one sediment sample underneath a whale carcass (Cavalett et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…: Baco and Smith 2003; Goffredi et al 2004; Lundsten et al 2010; McClain and Barry 2014), with lower efforts to describe microbial composition (Bienhold et al 2013; Fagervold et al 2013; Cavalett et al 2017; Ristova et al 2017; Taboada et al 2020). To date, in the south Atlantic, only one study investigated the bacterial community in one sediment sample underneath a whale carcass (Cavalett et al 2017). In addition to geographic location, local factors such as seabed depth and regional environmental characteristics may play major roles in the microbial assemblage, affecting community composition and succession rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of chemosynthetic microbial communities in organic falls deployed in the deep Southwest Atlantic Ocean

Amendola

Peres²,

Moreira³

et al. 2021

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The assembly and successional processes of microbial communities inhabiting deep-sea whale and wood falls are highly complex and vastly unknown, as a myriad of factors may affect the development of a chemosynthetic-based ecosystem on these organic islands. The chemoautotrophy supported by organic substrates is the basis of long-lasting ecosystems, considered biodiversity hotspots in the oligotrophic deep sea. Understanding how these microbial communities develop and the factors affecting them could shed light on processes related to the maintenance of biodiversity in this environment. We performed a whale- and wood-fall experiment in the southwest Atlantic on the Brazilian continental margin and investigated biofilm-forming bacterial and archaeal communities colonising these substrates, deployed at 1500 and 3300 m depth. The composition of the prokaryotic communities shared some similarities with previously reported organic falls in the north Pacific and the Mediterranean Sea, mainly regarding sulphur oxidising chemolithotrophic taxa from the phyla Campylobacterota and Proteobacteria. Communities were found to be highly different between the organic substrates, as whale fall associated biofilms presented a higher dominance of sulphur oxidising chemolithotrophs. We also observed a significant difference between the two sites, with the whale associated communities at the 1500 isobath presenting a faster establishment of the chemosynthetic taxa.

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“…In 2013 the SPR was targeted by a global expedition "Quelle 2013 -Quest for the limits of life" led by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), which searched for extreme deep-sea environments with the RV Yokosuka and the manned submersible Shinkai 6500 (Kitazato et al, 2017) 1 . An important finding of this exploration in the SPR was a deep whale fall with a well-established chemosynthetic community (Sumida et al, 2016;Cavalett et al, 2017;Shimabukuro et al, 2017;Shimabukuro and Sumida, 2019). In addition, the geological setting of the explored areas and a report of a fossil whale skull was provided by Ichisima et al (2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep-Sea Habitats and Megafauna on the Slopes of the São Paulo Ridge, SW Atlantic

et al. 2020

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The São Paulo Ridge (SPR) is a 350 km-long linear geological feature located in the Continental Margin off Brazil (Latitude 28-29 • S, Longitude 40-45 • W). In 2013, the region was mapped during the SW Atlantic "Iata-Piuná" expedition and explored by a series of deep-sea dives of the manned submersible Shinkai 6500. A digital bathymetric model analyzed for seafloor morphology, delimited four major bathymetric sectors namely plateau, ridge crest, ridge escarpment and ridge foot. These sectors further enclosed 12 morphological features at smaller spatial scales (structural classes) including plains, valleys, peaks, terraces, and troughs. Video profiles across the depth gradient (4,219-2,644 m depths) revealed that the slopes of the SPR southern flank were gentle and terraced, mostly covered by biogenic sediments and interrupted by rocky cliffs/crests, dispersed outcrops and loose particles. The North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) overlaid at the escarpment along which they established colder (0.4-1.0 • C; 4,200-3,400 m) and warmer (2.0-3.0 • C; 3,400-2,600 m) habitats, respectively. Physical components were used to define seven seascape units in the ridge foot (2), escarpment (3), and plateau-ridge crest (2), where a total of 914 organisms of the epibenthic and benthopelagic megafauna were recorded. Over 70% of these records were sessile suspension feeders, including sponges (61.5%) and anthozoans (11.4%). Most taxonomic groups concentrated above 3,800 m, under the influence of NADW, where densities reached maximum values (mean 0.26 organisms.m −2 ; 0.024-0.027 organisms.m 2 95% CI). Also, nearly half of megafauna records concentrated in patches delimited by the 3,800-3,300 m and 2,900-2,700 m isobaths. The deepest patch (3800-3300 m) coincided with the interface zone between AABW and NADW, where mixing processes create a density gradient. Evidences suggested that topography-related deep-water flow dynamics, and not substrate availability, drives benthic megafauna distribution at meso-habitat scale.

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Dominance of Epsilonproteobacteria associated with a whale fall at a 4204 m depth – South Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Cryptic fungal diversity revealed in deep-sea sediments associated with whale-fall chemosynthetic ecosystems

Cryptic fungal diversity revealed in deep-sea sediments associated with whale-fall chemosynthetic ecosystems

Development of chemosynthetic microbial communities in organic falls deployed in the deep Southwest Atlantic Ocean

Deep-Sea Habitats and Megafauna on the Slopes of the São Paulo Ridge, SW Atlantic

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