Domestication of wild tomato is accelerated by genome editing

Li, Tingdong; Yang, Xinping; Yu, Yuan; Si, Xiaomin; Zhai, Xiaoyan; Zhang, Huawei; Dong, Wenxia; Gao, Caixia; Cao, Xu

doi:10.1038/nbt.4273

Cited by 469 publications

(284 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Further practical testing of the above approach would in addition reveal if there is merit in the ‘redomestication’ of major crops from their wild relatives and progenitors as a strategy for efficiently accessing wild gene pools for traits lost in the development of advanced cultivars but now considered beneficial for addressing agriculture's sustainability challenges (Langridge & Waugh, ). Recent research using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing of target domestication‐related genes has shown promise for redomestications, with domesticated phenotypes that retain important wild attributes achievable starting from crop wild progenitors in the case of tomato (T. Li et al ., ; Zsögön et al ., ). It is known that wild relatives, progenitors and landraces of a number of major crops contain more variation in traits related to resource use efficiency and a plant's ability to interact positively with other crops and noncrop biotic components in complex production systems than do narrowly diverse advanced cultivars developed for monoculture (Kapulnik & Kushnir, ; Mutch & Young, ; Martín‐Robles et al ., ).…”

Section: Future Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of genetics in mainstreaming the production of new and orphan crops to diversify food systems and support human nutrition

et al. 2019

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Summary Especially in low‐income nations, new and orphan crops provide important opportunities to improve diet quality and the sustainability of food production, being rich in nutrients, capable of fitting into multiple niches in production systems, and relatively adapted to low‐input conditions. The evolving space for these crops in production systems presents particular genetic improvement requirements that extensive gene pools are able to accommodate. Particular needs for genetic development identified in part with plant breeders relate to three areas of fundamental importance for addressing food production and human demographic trends and associated challenges, namely: facilitating integration into production systems; improving the processability of crop products; and reducing farm labour requirements. Here, we relate diverse involved target genes and crop development techniques. These techniques include transgressive methods that involve defining exemplar crop models for effective new and orphan crop improvement pathways. Research on new and orphan crops not only supports the genetic improvement of these crops, but they serve as important models for understanding crop evolutionary processes more broadly, guiding further major crop evolution. The bridging position of orphan crops between new and major crops provides unique opportunities for investigating genetic approaches for de novo domestications and major crop ‘rewildings’.

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Section: Future Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of genetics in mainstreaming the production of new and orphan crops to diversify food systems and support human nutrition

et al. 2019

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“…The genome editing of CLV3 orthologues can produce multilocular siliques in several dry fruit crops, including Brassica rapa and B. napus (Fan et al , ; Yang et al , ). In addition, the genome editing of CLV1/2/3 also produced multiple locular fruits with increased size in fleshy fruit crops, such as tomato and groundcherry (Lemmon et al , ; Li et al , ; Rodrı´guez‐Leal et al , ; Xu et al , ; Zsögön et al , ).…”

Section: Receptor Kinase Signallingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such information is essential if a comprehensive genome editing approach is to be applied. Some initial targets for fruit size have been targeted using editing approaches, with some success (Lemmon et al , ; Li et al , ; Rodríguez‐Leal et al , ; Zsögön et al , ), suggesting that, with a more comprehensive understanding of the genetic and signalling pathways underlying this trait, major gains could be achieved. In addition to improving fruit size in elite germplasm, genome editing can be used for improvement of orphan crops (Lemmon et al , ) or de novo domestication of crop wild relatives (Zsögön et al , ), which often harbour agronomically valuable disease resistance traits (Dangl et al , ).…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, many of these genes have a conserved function in regulating fruit development in both dry and fleshy fruit types, suggesting broad applicability of common genome edits. For instance, CYP78A9 and CLV‐WUS pathway genes can regulate both silique size in Arabidopsis /rapeseed (Fan et al , ; Shi et al , ; Xiao et al , ; Xu et al , ; Yang et al , ) and fruit size in cherry/tomato (Lemmon et al , ; Li et al , ; Qi et al , ; Rodriguez‐Leal et al ., ; Xu et al , ). Besides, many of these genes have similar functions in regulating fruit size in Arabidopsis and other crops.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic and signalling pathways of dry fruit size: targets for genome editing‐based crop improvement

Hussain

Shi

Scheben

et al. 2020

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary Fruit is seed‐bearing structures specific to angiosperm that form from the gynoecium after flowering. Fruit size is an important fitness character for plant evolution and an agronomical trait for crop domestication/improvement. Despite the functional and economic importance of fruit size, the underlying genes and mechanisms are poorly understood, especially for dry fruit types. Improving our understanding of the genomic basis for fruit size opens the potential to apply gene‐editing technology such as CRISPR/Cas to modulate fruit size in a range of species. This review examines the genes involved in the regulation of fruit size and identifies their genetic/signalling pathways, including the phytohormones, transcription and elongation factors, ubiquitin‐proteasome and microRNA pathways, G‐protein and receptor kinases signalling, arabinogalactan and RNA‐binding proteins. Interestingly, different plant taxa have conserved functions for various fruit size regulators, suggesting that common genome edits across species may have similar outcomes. Many fruit size regulators identified to date are pleiotropic and affect other organs such as seeds, flowers and leaves, indicating a coordinated regulation. The relationships between fruit size and fruit number/seed number per fruit/seed size, as well as future research questions, are also discussed.

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“…Very recently, desirable traits, including compact tomato plants with ripening synchrony, flowering and day neutrality, and increased fruit setting and size, were introduced into wild tomato accessions through the multiplexed CRISPR/Cas9 editing of SP5G , SELF PRUNING ( SP ), CLV3 , and WUS , and the CRISPR‐edited tomato plants exhibited disease‐ and stress‐tolerant traits . Thus, CRISPR/Cas9 technology could be used for the de novo domestication of wild crop species.…”

Section: Crispr/cas9‐created Mutations In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9‐Based Genome Editing and its Applications for Functional Genomic Analyses in Plants

2019

Small Methods

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The ability to modify complex genomes precisely to create specific mutants is the holy grail of basic research and applied genetics in the postgenomic era. Programmable sequence‐specific nucleases (e.g., zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator‐like effector nucleases, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated (Cas) systems (e.g., CRISPR/Cas9)), which induce targeted DNA breaks that are then repaired by endogenous repair machinery to generate mutants in a variety of organisms, are being developed at an unprecedented rate. Herein, this paper reviews the history, structure, and biological function of CRISPR/Cas systems, describing how it has been adapted for genome editing (especially CRISPR/Cas9, which has prompted a genome engineering revolution), and emphasizes recent applications and advances in the functional annotation of plant genomes and crop genetic improvement. In addition, the challenges of using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and strategies for improving its specificity are discussed. This review also introduces the creation of CRISPR‐edited DNA‐free plants, which may be more publicly acceptable than other genetically modified organisms. Finally, the future directions and applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system are speculated on.

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Domestication of wild tomato is accelerated by genome editing

Cited by 469 publications

References 26 publications

The role of genetics in mainstreaming the production of new and orphan crops to diversify food systems and support human nutrition

The role of genetics in mainstreaming the production of new and orphan crops to diversify food systems and support human nutrition

Genetic and signalling pathways of dry fruit size: targets for genome editing‐based crop improvement

CRISPR/Cas9‐Based Genome Editing and its Applications for Functional Genomic Analyses in Plants

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