Dolomite as a tracer for the source regions of Asian dust

Li, Gaojun; Chen, Jun; Yang, Chen; Jun, Yang; Ji, Junfeng; Liu, Lianwen

doi:10.1029/2007jd008676

Cited by 84 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…In addition, most of the stations with high values of ASDSImax were distributed around Gobi or deserts, such as the Taklimakan Desert, Badain Jaran Desert, Tengger Desert, and Mu Us Desert. These deserts have been recognized as important sources of sand and dust storms in China, and even East Asia [24][25][26]47]. SDS intensity was usually not severe at stations in northern Xinjiang, southern Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, and the three northeast provinces.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Asdsimax and Its Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Sand and Dust Storms (SDS) Intensity in China Based on Meteorological Data

Cao

Zhang

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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Sand and dust storms (SDS) are global phenomena that significantly impact the socio-economy, human health, and the environment. The characterization of SDS intensity is a fundamental aspect of SDS issues and studies. In this study, a sand and dust storms index (SDSI) is developed to characterize SDS intensity by addressing the potential impacts of sand and dust storms on sensitive elements. Compared with other indices, SDSI includes four SDS-related components: SDS frequency, SDS visibility, SDS duration, and SDS wind speed. Using SDSI, this study characterizes the SDS intensity in the Three-North Forest Shelterbelt Program (TNFSP) region of China. The SDSI results show that high values of SDSI are mostly concentrated in southern Xinjiang, western and central Inner Mongolia, western and central Gansu, and northern Ningxia. By analyzing the SDSI components, over half of the stations experienced sand and dust storms no more than once per year on average. Most of the SDS events reduced horizontal visibility to less than 500 m, one-third of SDS events last more than two hours, and the wind speed of over half of the SDS events varied between 10-17 m/s. In comparison with SDS frequency, SDSI performs better in reflecting the spatial and temporal variation of SDS events. Therefore, instead of SDS frequency, SDSI can be applied to studies relevant to SDS intensity. Finally, five major SDS transportation routes were identified based on the surface prevailing wind direction, SDSI, and the existing literature. The SDS routes, combined with SDSI, could help governments and policy-makers cooperate on a regional level to combat SDS events more effectively.Keywords: sand and dust storms (SDS); sand and dust storms (SDS) index; sand and dust storms (SDS) intensity; sand and dust storms (SDS) routes

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Section: Characteristics Of Asdsimax and Its Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Sand and Dust Storms (SDS) Intensity in China Based on Meteorological Data

Cao

Zhang

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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“…Authigenic carbonate formed through pedogenesis, after the deposition of the eolian dust that forms the loess [Han et al, 1997;Sheng et al, 2008]. However, in contrast to the detailed work on carbonate minerals from Pleistocene loess Han et al, 1997;Li et al, 2007;Rowe and Maher, 2000], little work has been done on the carbonates from the underlying Pliocene Red Clay. The Red Clay soil complex contains couplets of pedogenic B horizons and horizontal carbonate nodule horizons [Ding et al, 1999].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[36] Compared to the overlying Pleistocene loesspaleosol, the Red Clay displays a higher silicate MgO % (wt) [Xiong et al, 2010] and higher chlorite mineral concentration [Gylesjö and Arnold, 2006], both of which are unstable during weathering. Moreover, the Pleistocene loess deposits on Loess Plateau are characterized by a high content of detrital dolomite [Li et al, 2007], but detrital dolomite is absent in the Red Clay. Because it is unlikely that the composition of eolian dust changed significantly from the Pliocene to Pleistocene , the lack of dolomite is likely the result of dissolution of carbonate minerals during weathering of the Red Clay.…”

Section: Formation Of Red Clay Protodolomitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pleistocene loess dolomites are detrital, originating from rock fragments [Li et al, 2007]. The loess dolomites are >45 mm, well ordered crystals that lack sharp corners or edges; most of them are well rounded suggesting they have endured abrasion due to long distance wind transportation [Li et al, 2007].…”

Section: Origin Of Red Clay Protodolomite: Indications From Sem and Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to previous research on Pleistocene loess from the CLP, loess dolomite was inherited from the mountain belts of northwestern China, whose d 13 C PDB isotope ratios range from 0 to 4‰ [Li et al, 2007]. However, our study reveals that Red Clay protodolomite d 13 C PDB isotopic ratios range from À4.1 to À10.4‰ (Figure 7) [Kohut et al, 1995], and the evaporative origin authigenic dolomite from Qinghai Lake [Yu and Kelts, 2002] and South Africa hypersaline pan [Mauger and Compton, 2011].…”

Section: Origin Of Red Clay Protodolomite: Indications From Sem and Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution and origin of protodolomite from the late Miocene‐Pliocene Red Clay Formation, Chinese Loess Plateau

He¹,

Chen²,

Balsam³

et al. 2012

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] The Pliocene epoch is considered the most recent analog of modern warming because CO 2 levels were similar to the present. To explore the carbonate minerals formed in the warmer Pliocene epoch, we studied two continuous sections of the Red Clay Formation on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Stable Isotope Mass Spectrometry. The Red Clay Formation on the CLP exhibits diagnostic FTIR absorption features of calcite and protodolomite. This allowed quantification of the two carbonate minerals by the FTIR method. Using the FTIR method we estimate the average concentration of protodolomite in Bajiazui is 3.6% whereas the Duanjiapo section is 6.0%. Protodolomite occurrence is more consistent and the concentration is higher from $6.5-4.2 Ma B.P. and decreases markedly from 4.2-2.6 Ma B.P. Red Clay protodolomite is depleted in both d 13 C PDB and d 18 O PDB , ranging from À4.1‰ to À10.4 and from À6.7‰ to À11.6, respectively, and has a slightly higher d18 O value than the calcites. SEM observations show that Red Clay protodolomite is composed of euhedral rhombic crystals that range from 1-20 mm in diameter, grow into the soil voids and coexist with authigenic calcite and palygorskite. These observations imply that the protodolomite grew in situ and is authigenic from pedogenesis. Dolomitization in the Red Clay sequence appears to be the result of overcoming kinetic barriers. We propose that in the Red Clay a warm climate with seasonal dry conditions leads to the formation of calcrete from soil pore waters thereby enriching the pore solutions with respect to Mg 2+ and significantly increasing the Mg/Ca ratio bringing about the formation of protodolomite.Components: 9100 words, 7 figures, 8 tables.

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Ammonium deficiency caused by heterogeneous reactions during a super Asian dust episode

et al. 2014

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Mineral dust particles exert profound impacts on air quality, visibility, and ocean biogeochemistry. Interactions between dust particles and other anthropogenic pollutants modify not only the size spectrum and morphology but also physicochemical properties of dust particles, thereby affecting their radiative properties and ability to act as cloud condensation nuclei and in turn their impact on climate.Here we report field observations on the surface chemical transformations in a super Asian dust plume captured in coastal areas of China and the adjacent marginal seas. The dust plume showed enhanced concentrations of sulfate, nitrate, and calcium along with a decrease in ammonium. The percentages of total Ca in water-soluble form increased from an intrinsic value of~5% to 25-40% at four stations along the path of the dust plume. From these increases, we estimated the extent to which carbonate was modified by heterogeneous reactions and calculated that the enhanced sulfate and nitrate could account for 40-60% of the observed concentrations. Our observation suggests that the formation of ammonium sulfate via the H 2 SO 4 -NH 3 -H 2 O ternary system was impeded by heterogeneous reactions in the marine boundary layer when dust loads exceeded a certain threshold. A conceptual model is proposed to elucidate the heterogeneous reactions during the super Asian dust event and their impacts on atmospheric chemistry.

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Dolomite as a tracer for the source regions of Asian dust

Cited by 84 publications

References 53 publications

Characterizing Sand and Dust Storms (SDS) Intensity in China Based on Meteorological Data

Characterizing Sand and Dust Storms (SDS) Intensity in China Based on Meteorological Data

Distribution and origin of protodolomite from the late Miocene‐Pliocene Red Clay Formation, Chinese Loess Plateau

Ammonium deficiency caused by heterogeneous reactions during a super Asian dust episode

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