“…Therefore, with the theoretical backing of the “broaden and build theory” of positive emotions and associated frameworks, we presume that gratitude can cushion the individuals from the pernicious influence of toxic behaviours because, gratitude, in and of itself, augment resources for coping with challenges (Armenta et al , 2017; Garg and Sarkar, 2020). Lastly, taking cue from the latest research (Kim and Baker, 2019; Locklear et al , 2021; Sarkar et al , 2023; Zhang and Wang, 2019; Garg et al , 2023), which demonstrated the effect of gratitude intervention for decreasing workplace mistreatment, including acts of incivility, the following hypotheses are posited. And, collectively, the following conceptual model has been proposed (refer to Figure 1):…”