Does the evidence support a relationship between higher levels of nut consumption, lower risk of depression, and better mood state in the general population? A systematic review

Fernández-Rodríguez, Rubén; Jiménez‐López, Estela; Garrido‐Miguel, Miriam; Martínez-Ortega, Isabel Antonia; Martínez‐Vizcaíno, Vicente; Mesas, Arthur Eumann

doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuac022

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The decrease in post-exercise muscle damage is consistent with data from a previous study in our lab supporting the role of protein and BCAA supplementation in mitigating muscle damage from a 90-min eccentric exercise bout ( 31 ). The modest effect of almond intake on mood state within an exercise context is a novel finding but consistent with previously reported linkages between nut intake and mood state ( 20 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Four-weeks intake of almonds has been linked to reduced oxidized LDL and fatty acid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA) and creatinine-adjusted urinary isoprostane output ( 17 , 18 ). Limited data suggest reduced levels of depression with increased almond intake that may in part be due to almond-related anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects ( 20 ). Although unstudied, these data suggest that almond ingestion has the potential to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, improve mood state, and mitigate muscle soreness and damage within an exercise-stress context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Almond intake alters the acute plasma dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid (DiHOME) response to eccentric exercise

et al. 2023

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IntroductionThis investigation determined if 4-weeks ingestion of nutrient-dense almonds mitigated post-exercise inflammation and muscle soreness and damage.MethodsAn acute 90-min of eccentric exercise (90-EE) was used to induce muscle damage in 64 non-obese adults not engaging in regular resistance training (ages 30–65 years, BMI < 30 kg/m2). Using a parallel group design, participants were randomized to almond (AL) (57 g/d) or cereal bar (CB) (calorie matched) treatment groups for a 4-week period prior to the 90-EE (17 exercises). Blood and 24-h urine samples were collected before and after supplementation, with additional blood samples collected immediately post-90-EE, and then daily during 4 additional days of recovery. Changes in plasma oxylipins, urinary gut-derived phenolics, plasma cytokines, muscle damage biomarkers, mood states, and exercise performance were assessed.ResultsThe 90-EE protocol induced significant muscle damage, delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), inflammation, reduced strength and power performance, and mood disturbance. Interaction effects (2 group × 7 time points) supported that AL vs. CB was associated with reduced post-exercise fatigue and tension (p = 0.051, 0.033, respectively) and higher levels of leg-back strength (p = 0.029). No group differences were found for post-90-EE increases in DOMS and six cytokines. AL was associated with lower levels of serum creatine kinase immediately- and 1-day post-exercise (p = 0.034 and 0.013, respectively). The 90-EE bout increased plasma levels immediately post-exercise for 13 oxylipins. Interaction effects revealed significantly higher levels for AL vs. CB for 12,13-DiHOME (p < 0.001) and lower levels for 9,10-DiHOME (p < 0.001). Urine levels increased in AL vs. CB for seven gut-derived phenolics including 5-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone that was inversely related to changes in plasma 9,10-DiHOME (r = −0.029, p = 0.021).DiscussionThese data support some positive effects of almond intake in improving mood state, retaining strength, decreasing muscle damage, increasing the generation of gut-derived phenolic metabolites, and altering the plasma oxylipin DiHOME response to unaccustomed eccentric exercise in untrained adults. The elevated post-exercise plasma levels of 12,13-DiHOME with almond intake support positive metabolic outcomes for adults engaging in unaccustomed eccentric exercise bouts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Almond intake alters the acute plasma dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid (DiHOME) response to eccentric exercise

et al. 2023

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“…The association of nut consumption with decreased mortality could be explained by the health effects of nut consumption on the physical and mental status ( 24 , 25 ). Firstly, nut consumption has been reported to be associated with improved inflammatory status, including C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and fibrinogen, and thus reduce risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes ( 26 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, dietary patterns also play an important role in mental health. Higher nut consumption cloud be related to better mood state, fewer depressive symptoms, and a lower risk for depression ( 25 ). These mechanisms may contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular, other chronic, and mental diseases, leading to a reduction of all-cause mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between nut consumption and mortality among Chinese older people: A national cohort study based on CLHLS from 2008 to 2018

Huangfu

Pan

2022

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundFew quantitative studies have explored the associations between nut consumption and better health outcomes among a national cohort of community-dwelling older Chinese people. Given the need for more evidence to support the health benefits of nuts among Chinese people, we investigated whether nut consumption was associated with subsequent 10-year mortality.MethodsWe analyzed data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. The data on nut consumption at baseline were collected using a questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. The vital status and date of death were ascertained by a close family member or village doctor of the deceased participant during the follow-up survey. Cox analyses were performed to explore the association between nut consumption and mortality. Subgroup analyses by age group (<80 or ≥80 years), sex (male/female), activities of daily living (impaired or normal), and physical exercise (yes or no) were performed to assess whether the association between nut consumption and mortality differed across different populations.ResultsThe median survival time was 1,302 days for the 11,915 participants with complete information of survival time and nut consumption. The association between nut consumption and mortality was significant after the adjusting for significant factors in the univariate Cox analyses. The hazard ratios were lower in male participants, those who were <80 years old, and those who did not engage in physical exercise at baseline. The association between nut consumption and mortality was not significant among participants with normal activities of daily living.ConclusionThe association between nut consumption and mortality was not significant among participants who had normal activities of daily living but was significant among participants who had impaired activities of daily living. Including nuts in the diets cloud help to extend the lifespan in older Chinese people, especially those with impaired activities of daily living.

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“…Weight loss interventions have been proposed as a potential strategy to improve mental health in individuals with overweight or obesity, but the evidence remains inconclusive (2) . Additionally, the role of specific foods in a weight loss diet and mental health outcomes is not well understood (3) . This study aimed to explore the association between weight loss (with and without almonds) and self-administered psychological and sleep assessments, including the Profile of Mood States (POMS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in psychological outcomes and sleep quality following energy restriction with and without almonds

Carter,

Hill

et al. 2024

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Associations between obesity and mental illness have been identified, but they are complex and bidirectional(1). Weight loss interventions have been proposed as a potential strategy to improve mental health in individuals with overweight or obesity, but the evidence remains inconclusive(2). Additionally, the role of specific foods in a weight loss diet and mental health outcomes is not well understood(3). This study aimed to explore the association between weight loss (with and without almonds) and self-administered psychological and sleep assessments, including the Profile of Mood States (POMS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Participants (n = 140, 47.5 ± 10.8 years) with overweight or obesity (BMI: 30.7 ± 2.3 kg/m2) were randomised to an energy-controlled almond-enriched diet (AED) or nut-free diet (NFD). Psychological and sleep assessments were conducted at baseline, after 3 months of weight loss, and after 6 months of weight maintenance. Data were analysed using mixed-effects models and linear regression. For POMS, total mood disturbance score (TMDS) (60.2%, p = 0.01), fatigue-inertia (21.2%, p = 0.003), and vigor-activity (19.9%, p<0.001) improved over time (with no different between groups), with improvements associated with the magnitude of weight loss (TMDS: β = 0.059, p = 0.02; fatigue-inertia: β = 0.268, p = 0.016; vigor-activity: β=-0.194, p = 0.048). No significant changes were observed in tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, or confusion-bewilderment. A significant group x time interaction (p = 0.048) was found for the PSS, which increased in the NFD group (10.1%) and decreased in the AED (1%) during the weight maintenance phase. No significant changes were observed for the ZSDS. The PSQI demonstrated significant improvement in both groups over time for sleep quality (11.3%, p<0.001), sleep latency (24.3%, p<0.001), sleep disturbance (39.2%, p = 0.04), and daytime dysfunction (290.4%, p<0.001), but not for sleep duration or habitual sleep efficiency. Summed scores, generating the global sleep score (GSS), demonstrated an overall significant improvement in both groups over time (33.5%, p<0.001), and these improvements were associated with weight loss (GSS: β = 0.863, p<0.001). The findings emphasise the importance of evaluating mental health outcomes in weight loss interventions and highlight the potential influence of weight management on mood and sleep quality. Further research is warranted to explore the impact of diet composition on perceived stress and other mental health outcomes.

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Does the evidence support a relationship between higher levels of nut consumption, lower risk of depression, and better mood state in the general population? A systematic review

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Almond intake alters the acute plasma dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid (DiHOME) response to eccentric exercise

Almond intake alters the acute plasma dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid (DiHOME) response to eccentric exercise

Association between nut consumption and mortality among Chinese older people: A national cohort study based on CLHLS from 2008 to 2018

Changes in psychological outcomes and sleep quality following energy restriction with and without almonds

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