Does race response shift impact racial inequality?

Muniz, Jerônimo Oliveira; Bailey, Stanley R.

doi:10.4054/demres.2022.47.30

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(91 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nonetheless, as we discussed, the region's considerable racial fluidity, especially in survey contexts using self-identification (Muniz and Bailey 2022), creates measurement issues that necessarily go beyond the scope of this chapter (see Villarreal and Bailey 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Most notably, there is substantial variation in national census classification schemes, question formats, and response categories. This variation stems partly from the fact that ethnic and racial boundary distinctions are context-bound social constructions that shift over time and across places (Muniz and Bailey, 2022). For example, states' approaches to enumerating ethnic and racial populations in national censuses are ultimately political decisions, and classification schemes reflect state ethnoracial formation projects (Nobles 2000;Loveman 2014).…”

Section: Measurement Challenges With Data On Race and Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An additional issue in any empirical analysis of race and ethnicity in Latin America is a relatively high degree of fluidity in determining how best to capture ethnoracial boundaries (compared to more static and defined racial classification in the United States). In Latin America, the boundaries between ethnoracial categories tend to be relatively porous (Muniz and Bailey 2022) as well as heterogeneous across country contexts. Although census categories and classification methods generally provide a solid lens on racial identification at the national level, we also recognize that race and racial classification can be measured in distinct ways.…”

Section: Measurement Challenges With Data On Race and Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Racial and Ethnic Inequality in Latin America

Telles,

Bailey,

Davoudpour

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This chapter examines socioeconomic inequality in Latin America through the lens of race and ethnicity. We primarily use national census data from the International Public Use Micro Data Sample (IPUMS). Since censuses use inconsistent measures of race and ethnicity, we also draw on two additional measures from the Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP). Unlike censuses, LAPOP data offer a more consistent ethnoracial scheme across countries and a unique interviewer-rated skin color measure. Our study shows that black and indigenous populations and those with darker skin color experience educational, income, and occupational disadvantages, even after controlling for their social origins. However, inequality and hierarchical ordering of Afro-descendants, indigenous peoples, mestizos, whites, and others vary across countries. We include an extended examination of educational inequality in Brazil, the regions largest country. The chapter concludes with an exploration of public policy approaches to address black and indigenous disadvantage across Latin America while also highlighting the case of Brazil, where targeted antiracism policy is most advanced.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Measurement Challenges With Data On Race and Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Challenges With Data On Race and Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Racial and Ethnic Inequality in Latin America

Telles,

Bailey,

Davoudpour

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has become a truism to say that race is a socially defined and therefore potentially variable characteristic. The fluidity of racial classifications, not only across historical time but also within an individual's life course, has been well documented both in the United States (Agadjanian 2022; Dahis, Nix, and Qian 2019;Liebler et al 2017;Saperstein and Gullickson 2013) and in Latin America (Davenport 2020), with Brazil highlighted as the most paradigmatic case due to its high level of racial fluidity (Carvalho, Wood, and Andrade 2004;Cornwell, Rivera, and Schmutte 2017;Miranda 2015;Muniz and Bailey 2022;Senkevics 2022;Silveira 2019). Yet this fluidity is seldom explicitly incorporated in demographic research, despite its implications for understanding racial inequality (Roth, Solís, and Sue 2022;Saperstein and Penner 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial classification as a multistate process

Muniz,

Lanza Queiroz,

Saperstein

2024

DemRes

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUNDAlthough the existence of racial fluidity is generally accepted in both Brazil and the United States, changes in racial classification over the life course are often not incorporated into standard demographic estimates. OBJECTIVEBy taking a multistate perspective on the variability of racial classification, we can use demographic methods to ask new questions about the nature of racial fluidity, such as: How many years can someone classified as White, Brown, or Black at birth expect to live in a different racial category? At what ages are changes in racial classification more likely to occur? METHODSWe compute multistate life tables using linked data from Brazil's largest household survey (2017-2019 PNAD-C) to estimate transition probabilities between the White, Brown, and Black race categories, which we combine with age-and race-specific mortality probabilities. RESULTSTransition probabilities reveal that up to age 65, Brazilians are more likely to be reclassified from either White or Black to Brown than they are to die at each age. Conditional life expectancy estimates show that Brazilians who were classified as Black at birth can expect to live almost 15 years of their lives classified as White, while those classified as White at birth can expect to live, on average, three years classified as Black.

show abstract

Recognizing Identity Fluidity in Demographic Research

Saperstein

2024

Population & Development Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Standard demographic research has typically constrained the existence of identity fluidity, assuming that demographic categories such as race or ethnicity and sex or gender should be static across the life course and measuring them as such. However, recent research and changes in data collection practices highlight the limitations of this approach by demonstrating fluidity in both racial and gender identities that rivals levels of fluidity in other identity categories, such as sexual orientation, that are more commonly seen as changeable over time. This review examines what is known about current levels of fluidity in gender, sexual orientation, and racial identities as well as known correlates and consequences for research on inequality, based primarily but not exclusively on research conducted in the United States. The implications of fluid identities for data collection and analysis, as well as prospects for future levels of fluidity, are also discussed.

show abstract

Does race response shift impact racial inequality?

Cited by 3 publications

References 62 publications

Racial and Ethnic Inequality in Latin America

Racial and Ethnic Inequality in Latin America

Racial classification as a multistate process

Recognizing Identity Fluidity in Demographic Research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About