Does Psychological Stress Cause Diabetes?

Wales, J. K.

doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.1995.tb00439.x

Cited by 48 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Psychological stress factors may favor the onset of diabetes (17). However, this possibility was not directly supported by the observations in our study.…”

Section: Life Eventscontrasting

confidence: 90%

Family Characteristics and Life Events Before the Onset of Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes in Young Adults

et al. 2001

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LARS WIBELL, MD, PHD 10OBJECTIVE -To elucidate whether family characteristics and stressful life events were associated with onset of autoimmune type 1 diabetes in young adults.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -This investigation was based on a nationwide study (Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden) of newly diagnosed patients aged 15-34 years. Patients clinically classified as type 1 diabetic with antibodies to islet cells and/or to GAD65 were compared with age-and sex-matched control subjects via questionnaire. The questionnaire covered diabetes heredity, social environment, educational level, and life events experienced during the 12 months before diagnosis.RESULTS -The rate of response was 82% for the diabetic patients and 65% for the control subjects. Questionnaires from 349 diabetic patients and 979 control subjects were considered. Diabetes in relatives was more frequent in the patients (odds ratio [OR]2.6) who were born in Sweden and whose mothers were of Swedish origin. No major stress factors were detected in the diabetic patients; however, in comparison with the control subjects, the diabetic patients had experienced fewer conflicts with their parents and had less often broken contacts with friends.CONCLUSIONS -Young adults with recent-onset type 1 diabetes were more exposed to heredity for diabetes, but no major prediabetic stress factors were detected. Our study does not directly support the concept that psychosocial stressful life events are involved in the development of autoimmune type 1 diabetes in young adults.

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“…Psychological stress factors may favor the onset of diabetes (17). However, this possibility was not directly supported by the observations in our study.…”

Section: Life Eventscontrasting

confidence: 90%

Family Characteristics and Life Events Before the Onset of Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes in Young Adults

et al. 2001

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“…There is a long history of largely inconclusive speculation about the relationship of psychological stress and the onset of type 2 diabetes (114,115 (116). To give some modern perspective to this notion, in the Hoorn Study of a city population in the Netherlands aged 50 -74 years and without a history of diabetes, the number of stressful life events in the previous 5 years was positively related to the prevalence of newly detected diabetes (117).…”

Section: Stress and Multiple "Hits"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and Activated Innate Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes

2004

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There is increasing evidence that an ongoing cytokine-induced acute-phase response (sometimes called low-grade inflammation, but part of a widespread activation of the innate immune system) is closely involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and associated complications such as dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Elevated circulating inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 predict the development of type 2 diabetes, and several drugs with anti-inflammatory properties lower both acute-phase reactants and glycemia (aspirin and thiazolidinediones) and possibly decrease the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (statins). Among the risk factors for type 2 diabetes, which are also known to be associated with activated innate immunity, are age, inactivity, certain dietary components, smoking, psychological stress, and low birth weight. Activated immunity may be the common antecedent of both type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis, which probably develop in parallel. Other features of type 2 diabetes, such as fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depression, are likely to be at least partly due to hypercytokinemia and activated innate immunity. Further research is needed to confirm and clarify the role of innate immunity in type 2 diabetes, particularly the extent to which inflammation in type 2 diabetes is a primary abnormality or partly secondary to hyperglycemia, obesity, atherosclerosis, or other common features of the disease.

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“…Empirical findings suggest possible involvement of psychological stress in the pathogenesis of DM, although its mechanisms remain unclear (Wales, 1995).…”

Section: Diabetes Mellitus As a Multidimensional Biopsychosocial Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Mellitus as a Model of Psychosomatic and Somatopsychic Interrelationships

Wasserman

Трифонова

2006

Span. J. Psychol.

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The article reviews research on the problem of interrelationship between different physical and psychosocial factors in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). The authors consider methodological principles of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessment in DM1 patients and stress the need for an integrated biopsychosocial approach to the management of the disease. DM1 is a chronic metabolic disease with an absolute requirement for insulin replacement therapy. The stress-inducing nature of DM1 is associated with its unexpected and dramatic manifestation in juvenile years, life-threatening nature of severe hypo-/hyperglycaemias and long-term complications, with the burden of diabetes self-management, threat of work disability, employment and career problems etc. These features of DM1 increase the likelihood of the development of anxiety and depressive disorders, which, in turn, may negatively influence the course of diabetes and in particular, diabetes self-care. This necessitates early diagnosis of emotional and behavioral disturbances in DM1 using self-report instruments as well as clinical assessment. Evidence suggests that active problem-focused coping behavior and adequate social support promote adherence to diabetes regimes and may act as a buffer against negative effects of the disease on HRQoL in DM1 patients. The core element in the HRQoL structure is personal disease picture (as opposed by objective clinical picture) -the cognitive-affectivebehavioral complex reflecting the patient's personal perception of the disease. Examination of the personal disease picture and attitude towards the ailment in DM1 patients may help to improve understanding of the mechanisms of poor adjustment. Problems in disease adjustment can be detected also by diabetes-specific HRQoL assessment. The measures of HRQoL can be applied as screening instruments useful in increasing the effectiveness of patient-provider interactions and diabetes care. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, psychosocial factors, disease adjustment, health-related quality of life, psychological assessmentEl artículo revisa la investigación del problema de la interrelación entre diferentes factores físicos y psicosociales en la diabetes melitus tipo 1 (DM1). Los autores consideran los principios de la evaluación de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en pacientes de DM1 y ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de un abordaje biopsicosocial integrado del manejo de la enfermedad. La DM1 es una enfermedad metabólica crónica con una necesidad absoluta de terapia de reemplazo de insulina. La naturaleza estresante de la DM1 se asocia con su aparición inesperada y dramática durante los años de juventud, la naturaleza peligrosa de las hipo e hiperglucemias y las complicaciones a largo plazo, con la carga del auto-cuidado de la diabetes, la amenaza de discapacidad laboral, problemas de empleo y carrera, etc. Estas características de la DM1 aumentan la probabilidad de desarrollar trastornos de ansiedad y depresivos que, a su vez, pueden afectar negativamente el curso ...

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Does Psychological Stress Cause Diabetes?

Cited by 48 publications

References 30 publications

Family Characteristics and Life Events Before the Onset of Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes in Young Adults

Family Characteristics and Life Events Before the Onset of Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes in Young Adults

Inflammation and Activated Innate Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes Mellitus as a Model of Psychosomatic and Somatopsychic Interrelationships

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