Does Prenatal Exposure to CNS Stimulants Increase the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Adult Offspring?

Rorabaugh, Boyd R.

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.652634

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 122 publications

(139 reference statements)

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“…The ability of fetal exposure to central nervous system (CNS) stimulants to alter vascular function in adult offspring was the topic of a recent review (41). Chronic fetal exposure to cocaine decreases pressure-dependent myogenic contraction of coronary arteries (10), attenuates acetylcholine-induced relaxation of mesenteric arteries (9), potentiates norepinephrine induced contraction of mesenteric arteries (9), and potentiates the norepinephrine-induced increase in blood pressure (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Exposure to Methamphetamine Causes Vascular Dysfunction in Adult Male Rat Offspring

Chavva

Belcher

Brazeau

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Methamphetamine use during pregnancy can have negative consequences on the offspring. However, most studies investigating the impact of prenatal exposure to methamphetamine have focused on behavioral and neurological outcomes. Relatively little is known regarding the impact of prenatal methamphetamine on the adult cardiovascular system. This study investigated the impact of chronic fetal exposure to methamphetamine on vascular function in adult offspring. Pregnant female rats received daily saline or methamphetamine (5 mg/kg) injections starting on gestational day 1 and continuing until the pups were born. Vascular function was assessed in 5 month old offspring. Prenatal methamphetamine significantly decreased both the efficacy and potency of acetylcholine-induced relaxation in isolated male (but not female) aortas when perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) remained intact. However, prenatal methamphetamine had no impact on acetylcholine-induced relaxation when PVAT was removed. Nitroprusside-induced relaxation of the aorta was unaffected by prenatal methamphetamine. Angiotensin II-induced contractile responses were significantly potentiated in male (but not female) aortas regardless of the presence of PVAT. This effect was reversed by L-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Serotonin- and phenylephrine-induced contraction were unaffected by prenatal methamphetamine. Prenatal methamphetamine had no impact on acetylcholine-induced relaxation of third order mesenteric arteries and no effect on basal blood pressure. These data provide evidence that prenatal exposure to methamphetamine sex-dependently alters vasomotor function in the vasculature and may increase the risk of developing vascular disorders later in adult life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Exposure to Methamphetamine Causes Vascular Dysfunction in Adult Male Rat Offspring

Chavva

Belcher

Brazeau

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of tobacco (smokeless) on the uterine wall of adult non-pregnant Swiss female albino rats. Gaining insights into the reproductive health implications of smokeless tobacco use in females can be significantly enhanced by comprehending the effects of smokeless tobacco on the uterine wall of non-pregnant female rats (5). The results of this study may add to the development of interventions and formulate strategies to reduce the use of smokeless tobacco and its harmful impact on female reproductive health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of smokeless tobacco on the uterine wall of adult non pregnant female swiss albino rats

Singha,

Qazi,

Derick

et al. 2023

LMRJ

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This study was aimed to evaluated effects of smokeless tobacco on the uterine wall of female rats of Swiss albino species. This was a controlled experimental study with three groups of adult female Swiss albino rats. The study was conducted over a period of 31 days, at Animal House, Husbandry, and Veterinary Sciences at Sindh Agricultural University, Tandojam, and the Department of Anatomy, Isra University, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Thirty adult female Swiss albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups: Group A (control, no treatment), Group B (treated with 5% smokeless tobacco), and Group C (treated with 10% smokeless tobacco). Blood samples were collected on the 31st day to analyze Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in the serum. After euthanization, uteruses were removed and weighed, followed by histological examination using Hematoxylin & Eosin and Mason's trichrome stains. The experimental groups (B and C) exhibited a significant reduction in uterine weight and decreased serum levels of FSH & LH. Histological examination showed cystically dilated submucosal glands and pronounced atrophy in the uteri of the experimental groups. Additionally, the myometrial wall thickness was also decreased. The use of smokeless tobacco negatively affects the uterine wall of female Swiss albino rats, resulting in histological changes and decreased serum levels of FSH and LH.

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“…For example, while DA through negative feedback regulation can decrease glutamatergic signaling in some cases [ 29 ], DA can also act as a pharmacological stimulant throughout the body. Drugs such as amphetamine, cocaine, and apomorphine, for example, which all increase synaptic release of DA, are potent stimulants [ 30 ]. This also raises the point that different doses of a drug acting on these neuromodulatory systems (and by extension, the synaptic concentration of the modulators themselves) can produce widely varying effects on neural circuitry and behavior, which relates to u-shaped or Janus-faced dose-response properties that are discussed below [ 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Relationship With Gaba and Glutamatementioning

confidence: 99%

Norepinephrine May Oppose Other Neuromodulators to Impact Alzheimer’s Disease

Fitzgerald

2021

IJMS

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While much of biomedical research since the middle of the twentieth century has focused on molecular pathways inside the cell, there is increasing evidence that extracellular signaling pathways are also critically important in health and disease. The neuromodulators norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT), dopamine (DA), acetylcholine (ACH), and melatonin (MT) are extracellular signaling molecules that are distributed throughout the brain and modulate many disease processes. The effects of these five neuromodulators on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are briefly examined in this paper, and it is hypothesized that each of the five molecules has a u-shaped (or Janus-faced) dose-response curve, wherein too little or too much signaling is pathological in AD and possibly other diseases. In particular it is suggested that NE is largely functionally opposed to 5HT, ACH, MT, and possibly DA in AD. In this scenario, physiological “balance” between the noradrenergic tone and that of the other three or four modulators is most healthy. If NE is largely functionally opposed to other prominent neuromodulators in AD, this may suggest novel combinations of pharmacological agents to counteract this disease. It is also suggested that the majority of cases of AD and possibly other diseases involve an excess of noradrenergic tone and a collective deficit of the other four modulators.

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Does Prenatal Exposure to CNS Stimulants Increase the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Adult Offspring?

Cited by 8 publications

References 122 publications

Prenatal Exposure to Methamphetamine Causes Vascular Dysfunction in Adult Male Rat Offspring

Prenatal Exposure to Methamphetamine Causes Vascular Dysfunction in Adult Male Rat Offspring

Effects of smokeless tobacco on the uterine wall of adult non pregnant female swiss albino rats

Norepinephrine May Oppose Other Neuromodulators to Impact Alzheimer’s Disease

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