With the promotion of sustainable development and the improvement of people's awareness of ecological environment protection, the focus of contemporary regional economic development has gradually changed to how to develop industries with local characteristics and optimize the construction of a regional industrial ecosystem on the premise of considering environmental protection. Based on the cumulative prospect theory, this research studies the synergistic effect of industrial development and environmental protection in the field of poverty alleviation. The initial state of the industrial revolution, the excess return, the cost, the tax policy, the reference point, and the uncertainty of revenue all affect the evolution of the industry. The results of this research provide a theoretical basis for local governments to formulate reasonable industrial policies and to promote the development of the regional economy.