Does post-warm-up rest interval affect the diurnal variation of 30-s Wingate cycle ergometry?

Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effects of rest interval following active warm-up (WU) durations on the diurnal variation of high-intensity cycling performance. Eleven male physical education students (22.6 ± 2.5 years; 179.2 ± 5.7 cm; 82.6 ± 9.6 kg; mean ± SD) participated in a cross-over randomized study, and they all underwent the 30-s Wingate test in the morning (08:00 h) and in the evening (18:00 h), after 5-min (WU 5 ) and 15-min (WU 15 ) warm-up durations, either with rest (WR), or without rest interval (NR) separating the WU at the onset of the high-intensity cycling exercise performance. The WU consisted of pedaling at a constant pace of 60 rpm against at 50% of the maximal aerobic power. The rest interval between the end of warm-up and the beginning of the anaerobic exercise was set at 5 min. Peak power (PP), mean power (MP), and the fatigue index (FI) were recorded. Likewise, heart rate, oral temperature (T), and rating of perceived exertion were registered at rest, at the end of the WU and just after the Wingate test. The ANOVA's showed no main effect of the rest interval on PP, MP, FI, and T parameters. However, significant interactions (WU duration × time-of-day and recovery condition × WU duration) were recorded on both PP and MP parameters. PP and MP were higher in the afternoon compared to the morning with gains of 4.4 and 3.6%, respectively. In the morning sessions, the WU 15 allows better improvement of muscular power, with either 0-or 5-min pre-exercise rest interval. However, in the afternoon sessions, both WU 15 and WU 5 durations allow better improvement of 30-s Wingate cycling performance in, respectively, WR and NR conditions. Therefore, athletes and coaches, as well as researchers, interested in high-intensity cycling exercise, should take into account the rest interval, the time-of-day, and the duration of warm-up when practicing, assessing, or interpreting data related to powerful lower limbs' muscles contractions activities.

Warm-up durations in a hot-dry climate affect thermoregulation, mean power-output and fatigue, but not peak power in specific soccer repeated-sprint ability

“…Moreover, the present study findings support previous researches investigating the effects of WU durations on high-intensity cycling performances reinforcing the importance of increasing the WU duration up to 15 min to reach higher morning cycling performances [16,17,34]. Others, suggested to reduce WU duration for intermediate and intermittent events when undertaken in hot climatic condition, to avoid an excessive increase in whole-body temperature [1].…”

“…Several studies reported no effect of WU duration on fatigue index (FI) computed after the 30 s Wingate-test with or without a recovery rest interval separating it to performance [ 16 , 17 , 37 ]. However, it was shown recently, that 15 and 20 min cycling warm-up (at 50% of MAP) induce higher RPE and FI values during 30 s Wingate-test when compared to 5 min duration in physical education students [ 44 ].…”

“…To avoid a drop in body temperature, an interval of 5 min, between the end of the WU and the onset of the RSA was allowed [ 16 , 17 ]. The testing sessions took place under similar outdoor conditions.…”

“…The non-temperature-related mechanisms involve an increased blood flow to muscles, an elevation of baseline oxygen consumption, post-activation potentiation, psychological effects and increased preparedness [7]. During the last decade, a large number of researches dealing with WU procedures were conducted [14][15][16]. However, these findings are still inconclusive and did not give firm conclusions, whether this pre-conditioning training part is practiced in different time-of-day [16], with or without rest interval following the WU [16,17], among different fitness levels participants [18], or practiced in Ramadan fasting periods [19].…”

The effects of different recovery methods on anaerobic performance in combat sports athletes

“…This is not in line with Mussi (2018) who investigated the effects of CWI and AR application on BT and found no significant difference between CWI and AR in temperature. Chaâri et al (2015) study demonstrated that a 5-min post-warm-up rest interval did not generate a drop in core temperature and help to maintain an elevated state of preparedness, which has a direct impact on the subsequent high-intensity cycling performance. Immersion in water and cold application causes a decrease in body temperature.…”