Does parental mediation of media influence child outcomes? A meta-analysis on media time, aggression, substance use, and sexual behavior.

Abstract

The current study examined how parental mediation of media (restrictive mediation, active mediation, and coviewing) influenced child outcomes. Three meta-analyses, 1 for each type of mediation, were conducted on a total of 57 studies. Each analysis assessed the effectiveness of parental mediation on 4 pertinent child outcomes: media use, aggression, substance use, and sexual behavior. The overall results indicated small, but significant relationships between child outcomes and restrictive mediation (r+ = -.06), and coviewing (r+ = .09). Overall active mediation was nonsignificant, though active mediation was individually related to lower levels of aggression (r+ = -.08), sexual behavior (r+ = -.06), and substance use (r+ = -.11). This analysis revealed that parents may have the ability to mitigate some of the adverse effects of the media by using certain mediation strategies. Overall, a cooperative effort from the communication and parenting fields is necessary for a comprehensive analysis of parental mediation as well as a disentanglement of the various parental mediation measures. (PsycINFO Database Record

Impacts of media on sexual behaviour and relationships among youth in foster care

“…Caregivers also sought to mitigate negative effects of media use by engaging in media along with the youth and discussing content together. In the broader literature, this concept is termed “mediated” use (Collier et al, ). Although this strategy was less commonly brought up by caregivers, it is important to note that fewer barriers to this strategy were described compared to when caregivers discussed outcomes of monitoring use.…”

“…The negative effects of exposure to inappropriate content can potentially be mitigated if a caregiver monitors or restricts the youth's access to media or mediates a youth's use (i.e., watches and discusses content with youth; Collier et al, ; Gentile, Reimer, Nathanson, Walsh, & Eisenmann, ; Padilla‐Walker, Coyne, & Collier, ). However, barriers to caregiver monitoring of media use are growing.…”

Tipe Mediasi Ibu Rumah Tangga Terhadap Keselamatan Internet Anak Dan Remaja

“…Namun, perilaku mediasi yang diterapkan banyak dikaitkan dengan penggunaan televisi dan permainan multimedia oleh anak, masih sedikit meninjaunya dari penggunaan internet (Collier et al, 2016). Jika pada masa penggunaan televisi banyak dikenal 3 (tiga) macam tipe mediasi yaitu mediasi restriktif, aktif, dan co-use, maka di era media baru muncul tipe mediasi baru yaitu mediasi teknik (Clark, 2011;Fikkers et al, 2017;Leung & Lee, 2012;Livingstone & Helsper, 2008;Nikken & Schols, 2015).…”

“…Orang tua yang beranggapan internet berdampak negatif, menimbulkan ketakutan dan sifat agresif bagi anaknya cenderung menerapkan tipe mediasi restriktif (Fikkers et al, 2017;Krassowski et al, 1999;Nikken & Schols, 2015)controlling, or inconsistent. Meski demikian, sejumlah literatur melaporkan tipe mediasi restriktif memiliki pengaruh yang kecil namun signifikan untuk menghalau efek negatif dalam hal waktu penggunaan dan pengaruh konten seksual (Collier et al, 2016;Leung & Lee, 2012). Pada banyak kasus, tipe mediasi restriktif menimbulkan efek bumerang, resistensi, atau inkonsisten baik dari anak maupun orang tua sendiri (Fikkers, Piotrowski, & Valkenburg, 2017).…”

“…Tipe mediasi aktif menunjukkan perilaku orang tua dalam menjelaskan dan mendiskusikan sebuah program (Krassowski et al, 1999)an outsider. Diskusi ini bertujuan untuk membangun kemampuan berpikir kritis pada anak tentang program atau konten yang dikonsumsinya (Collier et al, 2016). Diskusi interaktif antara orang tua dan anak terjalin sebagai komunikasi dua arah.…”