Does parental angling selection affect the behavior or metabolism of brown trout parr?

Prokkola, Jenni M.; Alioravainen, Nico; Mehtätalo, Lauri; Hyvärinen, Pekka; Lemopoulos, Alexandre; Metso, Sara; Vainikka, Anssi

doi:10.1002/ece3.7220

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 86 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…Juvenile salmonids do however also exhibit anti-predator responses in the presence of burbot (Enefalk et al, 2017;Filipsson et al, 2019Filipsson et al, , 2020Hirvonen et al, 2000;Jones et al, 2003). In this study, trout did not do so (Prokkola et al, 2021), except for the time to first movement, where cold-incubated trout became active later when a predator (either Atlantic salmon or burbot) was present. There are several possible explanations as to why brown trout in this study did not respond to the presence of burbot in the same way as they did to Atlantic salmon.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Temperature during embryonic development in brown trout influences juvenile behaviour in encounters with predators

Filipsson,

Bergman,

Erlandsson

et al. 2023

Journal of Zoology

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Variation in thermal conditions during embryogenesis can have far‐reaching impact throughout ontogeny and may give rise to behavioural variation. Many animals, such as salmonids, exhibit behavioural trade‐offs related to foraging and predator avoidance. How embryonic temperature affects these behaviours has remained unexplored. Not only abiotic conditions during embryogenesis but also biotic factors such as predator conditioning may affect fish behaviour, especially anti‐predator responses. We examined how elevated temperatures and predator odours throughout embryogenesis affect the behaviour of 28–37 mm young‐of‐the‐year brown trout (Salmo trutta) in encounters with predators, namely Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar; 20 cm) and burbot (Lota lota; 40 cm). Juvenile brown trout were more active and aggressive if they were incubated in warmer water as eggs than if they were incubated in colder water, and trout remained inactive longer when encountering predators if they were cold incubated. Brown trout were less active and aggressive when an Atlantic salmon was present than when a burbot or no predator was present. Behavioural responses did not differ between trout that had been subjected to water with versus without predator odours during embryogenesis, possibly because brown trout were not subjected to conspecific alarm cues during egg incubation. This study shows that thermal conditions during embryogenesis can influence fish behaviour early in life and thus contribute to behavioural variation, with potential effects on life history. Considering the rapid warming of northern regions, elevated embryonic temperatures may contribute substantially to variation in salmonid behaviour in the near future.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Temperature during embryonic development in brown trout influences juvenile behaviour in encounters with predators

Filipsson,

Bergman,

Erlandsson

et al. 2023

Journal of Zoology

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Can angler-assisted broodstock collection programs improve harvest rates of hatchery-produced steelhead?

et al. 2023

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Genetic coupling of life-history and aerobic performance in Atlantic salmon

Prokkola

Åsheim

Morozov

et al. 2021

Preprint

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1. The physiological underpinnings of life history adaptations in ectotherms are not well understood. Theories suggest energy metabolism influences life history variation via modulation of resource acquisition. However, the genetic basis of this relation and its dependence on ecological conditions, such as food availability, have rarely been characterized, despite being critical to predicting the responses of populations to environmental changes. 2. The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is an emerging wild model species for addressing these questions; strong genetic determination of age-at-maturity at two unlinked genomic regions (vgll3 and six6) enables the use of complex experimental designs and tests of hypotheses on the physiological and genetic basis of life-history trait variation. 3. In this study, we crossed salmon to obtain individuals with all combinations of late and early maturation genotypes for vgll3 and six6 within full-sib families. Using more than 250 juveniles in common garden conditions, we tested (i) whether metabolic phenotypes (i.e., standard and maximum metabolic rates, and absolute aerobic scope) were correlated with the age-at-maturity genotypes and (ii) if high vs. low food availability modulated the relationship. 4. We found that salmon with vgll3 early maturation genotype had a higher aerobic scope and maximum metabolic rate, but not standard metabolic rate, compared to salmon with vgll3 late maturation genotype. This suggests that physiological or structural pathways regulating maximum oxygen supply or demand are potentially important for the determination of age-at-maturity in Atlantic salmon. 5. Vgll3 and six6 exhibited physiological epistasis, whereby maximum metabolic rate significantly decreased when late maturation genotypes were present concurrently in both loci compared to other genotype combinations. 6. The growth of the feed restricted group decreased substantially compared to the high food group. However, the effects of life-history genomic regions were similar in both feeding regimes, indicating a lack of genotype-by-environment interactions. 7. Our results indicate that aerobic performance of juvenile salmon may affect their age-at-maturity. The results may help to better understand the mechanistic basis of life-history variation, and the metabolic constrains on life-history evolution.

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Does parental angling selection affect the behavior or metabolism of brown trout parr?

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 5 publications

References 86 publications

Temperature during embryonic development in brown trout influences juvenile behaviour in encounters with predators

Temperature during embryonic development in brown trout influences juvenile behaviour in encounters with predators

Can angler-assisted broodstock collection programs improve harvest rates of hatchery-produced steelhead?

Genetic coupling of life-history and aerobic performance in Atlantic salmon

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