Does Habitual Physical Activity Increase the Sensitivity of the Appetite Control System? A Systematic Review

Beaulieu, Kristine; Hopkins, Mark; Blundell, John; Finlayson, Graham

doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0518-9

Cited by 125 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(384 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…) together with systematic reviews (Beaulieu et al . ) have supported this. The strong message from this body of work is that people who are habitually physically active have a sensitive control of homoeostatic appetite whereas in sedentary people the control is weaker (poor match of energy intake with expenditure).…”

Section: Emerging Issue: Behavioural Science Of Energy Balancesupporting

confidence: 63%

The contribution of behavioural science to nutrition: Appetite control

Blundell

2017

Nutrition Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Emerging Issue: Behavioural Science Of Energy Balancesupporting

confidence: 63%

The contribution of behavioural science to nutrition: Appetite control

Blundell

2017

Nutrition Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Evidence relating to compensatory changes in hormones and appetite perceptions after periods of exercise training is very limited, but there is some evidence that physical activity may improve the sensitivity of the appetite control system in such a way as to enhance satiety and facilitate weight loss maintenance (Stensel ; Beaulieu et al . ; Lean & Malkova ).…”

Section: Does Physical Activity Increase Appetite and Food Intake?mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although hormonal changes have not always been found to predict weight regain after weight loss (Strohacker et al 2014), such 'physiological adaptations' are thought to favour weight regain suggesting it is difficult to 'overcome physiology with behaviour' (Greenway 2015). Evidence relating to compensatory changes in hormones and appetite perceptions after periods of exercise training is very limited, but there is some evidence that physical activity may improve the sensitivity of the appetite control system in such a way as to enhance satiety and facilitate weight loss maintenance (Stensel 2010;Beaulieu et al 2016;Lean & Malkova 2016).…”

Section: Does Physical Activity Increase Appetite and Food Intake?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of physical activity in regulating appetite and body fat

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent articles in the press have questioned the role of physical activity in regulating appetite and controlling bodyweight. These articles can be confusing and misleading for the public. Yet this is a complex area and there is disagreement about the importance of physical activity even among academics. Uncertainty and misunderstanding in this area may be related to the heterogeneity of the term 'physical activity', which encompasses sporting pursuits with extremely high levels of energy expenditure over prolonged periods of time, as well as everyday tasks involving much lower levels of energy expenditure on an intermittent basis. This latter form of physical activity includes what has been termed 'non-exercise activity thermogenesis'. In the right circumstances, physical activity can make a major contribution to the maintenance of a healthy weight even in the absence of dietary control although a combination of the two is almost certain to be more effective. In the long-term, evidence suggests that for most people exercise is likely to lead to only modest weight loss. This may be due to an insufficient amount of physical activity being performed together with compensatory changes in eating and exercise behaviours. This is hard to prove because energy intake and energy expenditure are difficult to quantify in freeliving situations. Individual differences in the way people respond to exercise due to both environmental (e.g. social class, education level, income, eating and exercise behaviours of family and peers, weather) and genetic factors also contribute to uncertainty about the effectiveness of physical activity for weight control. Nevertheless, physical activity remains a vital component of a healthy lifestyle due to its positive influence on energy balance as well as its potential to reduce the risk of lifestyle-related diseases.

show abstract

“…However, at higher levels of physical activity, appetite and food intake are regulated such that energy intake better matches energy expenditure (which promotes the maintenance of energy balance, albeit at higher levels of absolute intake and expenditure) (120). This proposed model between physical activity status and appetite regulation has received support from a recent systematic review, in which Beaulieu et al (125) plotted standardized energy intakes (z scores) against physical activity level using data from ten cross-sectional studies that compared energy intake between active and inactive individuals. This analysis again revealed a J-shaped relationship between physical activity level and energy intake ( Figure 5-Panel B).…”

Section: Sedentary Behavior As a Pathway To Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy balance, body composition, sedentariness and appetite regulation: pathways to obesity

2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Energy balance is not a simple algebraic sum of energy expenditure and energy intake as often depicted in communications. Energy balance is a dynamic process and there exist reciprocal effects between food intake and energy expenditure. An important distinction is that of metabolic and behavioural components of energy expenditure. These components not only contribute to the energy budget directly, but also by influencing the energy intake side of the equation. It has recently been demonstrated that resting metabolic rate is a potential driver of energy intake, and evidence is accumulating on the influence of physical activity (behavoiural energy expenditure) on mechanisms of satiety and appetite control. These effects are associated with changes in leptin and insulin sensitivity, and in the plasma levels of gastrointestinal peptides such as glucagon-like peptide-1, ghrelin and cholecystokinin. The influence of fat-free mass on energy expenditure and as a driver of energy intake directs attention to molecules emanating from skeletal tissue as potential appetite signals.Sedentariness (physical inactivity) is positively associated with adiposity and is proposed to be a source of overconsumption and appetite dysregulation. The molecular signals underlying these effects are not known but represent a target for research. Running title:Energy Balance, Body Composition and Appetite Regulation Key words:Appetite regulation, energy intake, fat-free mass, resting metabolic rate, sedentariness. ENERGY BALANCE REGULATION: A DYNAMIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOURWeight gain is often explained as a function energy balance, with sustained periods of excess energy intake over energy expenditure thought to promote the accumulation of adipose tissue. Unfortunately however system, in which reductions in energy intake, or increases in energy expenditure, automatically lead to energy deficit, and in turn, weight loss. This approach is simplistic and belies the complexity of energy balance regulation in humans in the current obesogenic environment. Furthermore, it ignores the potential for behavioral or biological adaptation to restore energy homeostasis during periods of energy deficit or surfeit (1). Rather than being static, the regulation of energy balance is a dynamic process in which perturbations to one component of energy balance may elicit biological and/or behavioral compensation in other components of the system. These auto-regulatory or compensatory responses act to minimize perturbations to energy homeostasis, in turn, body weight (1, 2). For example, it has been suggested that some individuals experience a compensatory reduction in resting energy expenditure, termed adaptive thermogenesis (3), following dietary (4, 5) and exercise-induced (6) weight loss. Compensation may also be behavioural in nature, with dietary (7, 8) and exercise-induced (9, 10) weight loss shown to result in increased fasting hunger (although such changes in subjective appetite do not always translate into changes in actual beha...

show abstract

Does Habitual Physical Activity Increase the Sensitivity of the Appetite Control System? A Systematic Review

Cited by 125 publications

References 67 publications

The contribution of behavioural science to nutrition: Appetite control

The contribution of behavioural science to nutrition: Appetite control

Role of physical activity in regulating appetite and body fat

Energy balance, body composition, sedentariness and appetite regulation: pathways to obesity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About