Does excessive flatfoot deformity affect function? A comparison between symptomatic and asymptomatic flatfeet using the Oxford Foot Model

Three-dimensional evaluation of heel raise test in pediatric planovalgus feet and normal feet

“…The present results are in line with previous studies [6][7][8][9][10]: In children with planovalgus feet the hindfoot is more everted and the arch is less pronounced than in reference feet during walking and in static stance. This is the first study to evaluate foot movements during a specific examination of planovalgus feet: the heel raise test.…”

“…These studies give the same results in adults as in children and when using different foot models. The hindfoot in relation to the tibia is more everted and internally rotated in planovalgus feet than in "normal" feet [6][7][8]. In relation to the hindfoot, the forefoot is more inverted / supinated and abducted in planovalgus feet than in "normal" feet [6][7][8][9].…”

“…A few studies described planovalgus feet movement based on a 3D gait and foot analysis [6][7][8][9][10]. These studies give the same results in adults as in children and when using different foot models.…”

Comparative Effect of Mobilization, Low Dye Taping and Faradic Foot Bath in Subjects with Flat Foot – A Randomised Clinical Trial

“…Individuals with asymptomatic flat feet need to absorb more negative ankle joint energy during loading response of gait which leads to fatigue and overuse syndrome of the anterior shank muscles. 16 A Framingham Foot and Osteoarthritis study done on 2,000 participants, found a statistically significant increase in medial knee pain (1.3 times) and medial knee joint cartilage damage (1.4 times) in those with planus foot morphology. 17 Conventional exercises of toe curls, heel and toe raises, inversion and eversion of the foot was incorporated in all the 3 groups in order to exclusively find out the additive effects of the interventions.…”

Tratamento cirúrgico do pé plano flexível em crianças e adolescentes por osteotomia de alongamento da coluna lateral do calcâneo ou artrorrise subtalar: revisão sistemática da literatura

“…DeCS -Descritores em Ciências da Saúde 11,17,19 . Outro grande questionamento é o significado do pé plano no adulto e que grau da deformidade pode causar dor e artrose nessa população.…”