Does diacylglycerol serve as a signaling molecule in plants?

Wang, Dong; Lv, Hongjun; Xia, Guangmin; Wang, Mengcheng

doi:10.4161/psb.19644

Cited by 64 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…C16:3 monoacylglycerol ( 29 ) is a glyceride which can be formed by the esterification of glycerol with one fatty acid or by enzymatic hydrolysis of a fatty acid from diacylglycerol by the action of diacylglycerol lipase. Diacylglycerol acts as a signalling molecule during plant development and in response to stress tolerance, nutrient deficiency and other environmental stimuli222324.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structured plant metabolomics for the simultaneous exploration of multiple factors

Vasil'ev

Bernard

Lang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Multiple factors act simultaneously on plants to establish complex interaction networks involving nutrients, elicitors and metabolites. Metabolomics offers a better understanding of complex biological systems, but evaluating the simultaneous impact of different parameters on metabolic pathways that have many components is a challenging task. We therefore developed a novel approach that combines experimental design, untargeted metabolic profiling based on multiple chromatography systems and ionization modes, and multiblock data analysis, facilitating the systematic analysis of metabolic changes in plants caused by different factors acting at the same time. Using this method, target geraniol compounds produced in transgenic tobacco cell cultures were grouped into clusters based on their response to different factors. We hypothesized that our novel approach may provide more robust data for process optimization in plant cell cultures producing any target secondary metabolite, based on the simultaneous exploration of multiple factors rather than varying one factor each time. The suitability of our approach was verified by confirming several previously reported examples of elicitor–metabolite crosstalk. However, unravelling all factor–metabolite networks remains challenging because it requires the identification of all biochemically significant metabolites in the metabolomics dataset.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structured plant metabolomics for the simultaneous exploration of multiple factors

Vasil'ev

Bernard

Lang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…So far however, orthologs of their effector proteins, such as protein kinase C (PKC) and Ins(1,4,5)P 3 receptor Ca 2+ channels, have not been identified in land plants (Meijer and Munnik, 2003;Wheeler and Brownlee, 2008). Since DAG is rapidly converted to PA by DGK, PA likely acts as a second messenger downstream of PLC rather than DAG (Meijer and Munnik, 2003;Arisz et al, 2009), while the possibility remains that DAG functions as a signaling molecule by itself (Dong et al, 2012). As for Ins(1,4,5)P 3 function in plant cells, high-affinity Ins(1,4,5)P 3 -binding sites have been detected in internal membranes and Ins(1,4,5)P 3 could trigger the release of calcium ions from internal stores (Alexsandre et al, 1990;Tang et al, 2007).…”

Section: Signaling By Other Phospholipids In Root Hair Tip Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphoinositide Signaling in Root Hair Tip Growth

Kusano

Tominaga

Wada

et al. 2014

Plant Cell Wall Patterning and Cell Shape

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“…Furthermore, during any lengthy fractionation procedure, its levels can be expected to alter, as DAG-modifying enzymes exist in multiple membranes. Moreover, because DAG is quickly metabolized and may have efficient transport systems (Dong et al, 2012), it is difficult to confirm whether metabolizing enzymes are accessing the same or separate DAG pools.…”

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Probing Arabidopsis Chloroplast Diacylglycerol Pools by Selectively Targeting Bacterial Diacylglycerol Kinase to Suborganellar Membranes

et al. 2013

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Diacylglycerol (DAG) is an intermediate in metabolism of both triacylglycerols and membrane lipids. Probing the steady-state pools of DAG and understanding how they contribute to the synthesis of different lipids is important when designing plants with altered lipid metabolism. However, traditional methods of assaying DAG pools are difficult, because its abundance is low and because fractionation of subcellular membranes affects DAG pools. To manipulate and probe DAG pools in an in vivo context, we generated multiple stable transgenic lines of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that target an Escherichia coli DAG kinase (DAGK) to each leaflet of each chloroplast envelope membrane. E. coli DAGK is small, self inserts into membranes, and has catalytic activity on only one side of each membrane. By comparing whole-tissue lipid profiles between our lines, we show that each line has an individual pattern of DAG, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylcholine, and triacylglycerol steady-state levels, which supports an individual function of DAG in each membrane leaflet. Furthermore, conversion of DAG in the leaflets facing the chloroplast intermembrane space by DAGK impairs plant growth. As a result of DAGK presence in the outer leaflet of the outer envelope membrane, phosphatidic acid accumulation is not observed, likely because it is either converted into other lipids or removed to other membranes. Finally, we use the outer envelope-targeted DAGK line as a tool to probe the accessibility of DAG generated in response to osmotic stress.Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a central metabolite in plant lipid metabolism. Its glycerol backbone is modified with two acyl chains. If a third acyl chain is added, triacylglycerol (TAG) is formed, whereas if a head group is added, it is converted into polar lipids such as a galactolipid. In green tissues, the majority of DAG is used as an intermediate in galactolipid synthesis, because the extensive thylakoid membrane system consists of approximately 85% galactolipids (Block et al., 1983). Although under normal conditions the galactolipids are exclusively chloroplastic, in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the DAG used to make galactolipids is derived from assembly pathways in both the chloroplast and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER; Benning, 2009). In both pathways, the bulk of the fatty acids are synthesized in the chloroplast stroma (Browse et al., 1986) in the following order of abundance: 18:1, 16:0, and 18:0 (Wallis and Browse, 2002).In the chloroplast pathway, these fatty acids are directly attached to a glycerol-3-P, generating first lysophosphatidic acid (L-PtdOH) and then phosphatidic acid (PtdOH) in the inner leaflet of the chloroplast inner envelope ( Fig. 1; Frentzen et al., 1983). The acyltransferases involved are specific to the extent that the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone predominantly receives a 16:0 fatty acid. PtdOH is then used directly for phosphatidylglycerol (PtdGro) synthesis (Babiychuk et al., 2003) or converted to DAG by a PtdOH phosphatase (Joyard and Douce, 197...

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Does diacylglycerol serve as a signaling molecule in plants?

Abstract: These authors contributed equally to this work.

Cited by 64 publications

References 39 publications

Structured plant metabolomics for the simultaneous exploration of multiple factors

Structured plant metabolomics for the simultaneous exploration of multiple factors

Phosphoinositide Signaling in Root Hair Tip Growth

Probing Arabidopsis Chloroplast Diacylglycerol Pools by Selectively Targeting Bacterial Diacylglycerol Kinase to Suborganellar Membranes

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