Documenting Essex‐Boy as a local gendered regime

Smith, Robert

doi:10.1108/17566261311328846

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Given that the entrepreneurial discourse is premised on hegemonic forms of masculinity, diverse and discrete articulations of masculinity and how they are performed and reproduced by male entrepreneurial actors demands greater consideration. Those who have considered this perspective (Hamilton, 2014;Giazitzoglu and Down, 2015;Smith, 2010Smith, , 2013) explore the nuanced nature of masculinity represented as a narrative, identity and/or performance within an entrepreneurial context. Giazitzoglu and Down (2015), for example, explore how male entrepreneurs enact specific forms of macho masculinity using the mechanism of business success to enhance their status within their social group.…”

Section: Moving Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual review article: Is it time to rethink the gender agenda in entrepreneurship research?

Marlow

2017

International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurs

170

166

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Abstract.This article develops a critique of contemporary approaches to analysing the impact of gender upon entrepreneurial propensity and activity. Since the 1990s, increasing attention has been afforded to the influence of gender upon women's entrepreneurial behaviour; such analyses have highlighted an embedded masculinity within the entrepreneurial discourse which privileges men as normative entrepreneurial actors.Whilst invaluable in revealing a prevailing bias which portrays women in deficit as entrepreneurial actors, their critique is limited in that they tend to position women as a proxy for the gendered subject. Analyses that fail to recognise gender as a human property with myriad articulations not only homogenise women as a category, but also ignore how gender manifests in all entrepreneurial phenomena. To progress debate, we engage more deeply with the notion of gender as a multiplicity by recognising its diversity and considering the implications of such for future studies of entrepreneurial activity.

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Section: Moving Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual review article: Is it time to rethink the gender agenda in entrepreneurship research?

Marlow

2017

International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurs

170

166

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For example, in Gendered Expectations (Section 5.2.2), Bobbie references other enterprises in her local area to emphasise how she is more entrepreneurial, noting particularly as it is not a 'beauticians or hairdressers'. Using her context, and the stereotypes associated with it in this way enables Bobbie to feel more entrepreneurial (Gill & Larson, 2014;Greene et al, 2013;Smith, 2013). In doing so, Bobbie reflects that her own activities are more entrepreneurial than others.…”

Section: Context As An Enabler Of Entrepreneurshipmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The result is the reproduction of gendered stereotypes, perpetuating the mythologised heroic male-entrepreneur (Garlick, 2020;Orlandi, 2017). Although relevant literatures adopt different approaches, the consensus is that the ontological foundations of mainstream entrepreneurship presume a normative masculinity (Ahl & Marlow, 2018;Al-Dajani et al, 2015;Gherardi, 2015;Lewis, 2014;Smith, 2013).…”

Section: The Entrepreneurmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, it is further suggested that entrepreneurial identity is constructed as a performed male dominated paradigm (Giazitzoglu & Down, 2017;Rumens, 2017;Rumens & Ozturk, 2019). There is a burgeoning literature on entrepreneurial identity focusing on the privileging of maleness and masculinity in representations of entrepreneurial success (Garlick, 2017(Garlick, , 2020Ogbor, 2000;Smith, 2010Smith, , 2013. It has been found that success is portrayed via possession of designer clothing, particular behaviours, and imagery (Connell, 2016;Connell & Messerschmidt, 2005).…”

Section: The Entrepreneurmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ This is perhaps in to reference to the stereotypical 'white van man'. This "White Van Man' coined by the journalist Jonathon Leake (Leake, 1997) was used symbolise and define aggressive, self-employed traders and tradesmen (Smith, 2013). The architype of a 'proper British man' (Smith, 2013) that brings together narratives of masculinity and enterprise.…”

Section: Gendered Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Entrepreneurial Experiences of Becoming an Employer: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Williams¹

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The aim of this study is to better understand how entrepreneurs become employers. Taking a phenomenological position, my research uses a co-creative methodology to explore transitions from entrepreneur to entrepreneur-employer. Job creation is commonly cited as a benefit of entrepreneurship (Birch, 1979; Acs, 2006), yet little is known about the transition to entrepreneur-employer. Recent estimates highlight that many UK enterprises are classified as non-employing businesses, comprising the founder only (ONS, 2020). This suggests that while a high proportion of individuals enter self-employment, growth presents a significant challenge for many (Coad et al., 2017). Extant research investigating the entrepreneur to entrepreneur-employer transition is predominantly functionalist, reinforcing commonly held beliefs that entrepreneurship is a desirable economic activity (Dvouletý, 2018). In response, I sought to apply a qualitative approach. Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) as a guiding framework, I explore the lived experiences of six female and four male entrepreneur-employers in South Wales. My contribution to the entrepreneurship field is twofold. Firstly, my findings reflect an uglier reality to job-creation than is readily visible in the mainstream entrepreneurship literature. Perceiving it as a double-edged sword, participants juxtaposed common entrepreneurial narratives against their everyday realties. Becoming an employer introduced a level of relationality, exposing participants to systems demanding conformity rather than entrepreneurial diversity. Second, methodologically I demonstrate how the use of a co-creative method is a valuable tool for accessing complex and nuanced entrepreneurial experiences. Participants universally expressed frustration at being suspended in what I interpret as a liminal state. Drawing on relevant literature, I theorise that this is particularly felt within neoliberal post-industrial contexts. I conclude that, for my participants, negotiating the gap between mainstream entrepreneurial narratives, and their lived entrepreneurial experiences, was a significant factor in moving beyond the critical entrepreneur to entrepreneur-employer transition.

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Masquerade of power: women entrepreneurs reshaping gender norms in Kazakhstan's male-dominated sectors

Yousafzai,

Aljanova,

Omran

2024

IJGE

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PurposeThis study aims to examine how women entrepreneurs in Kazakhstan's male-dominated sectors utilize the concept of positionality to navigate and redefine gender norms, focusing on their engagement with entrepreneurial masculinities and femininities. It explores the transformative potential of their strategic actions on gender dynamics within the entrepreneurial ecosystem.Design/methodology/approachEmploying qualitative research through 27 in-depth interviews, this study adopts constructivist grounded theory to delve into how women entrepreneurs interact with gender norms within their entrepreneurial context. This approach highlights the dynamic interplay between gender norms and the strategies employed by women entrepreneurs to navigate these challenges.FindingsThe findings reveal that women entrepreneurs actively employ and navigate entrepreneurial masculinities and femininities as strategies to challenge traditional gender roles. Their approaches vary from conforming to, challenging and creatively redefining the gendered expectations encountered in their entrepreneurial journey. This demonstrates their agency in reshaping gender norms and contributing to the diversity of gender performances within the domain of entrepreneurship.Research limitations/implicationsWhile focused on Kazakhstan, the study's findings suggest broader implications for understanding gender dynamics in entrepreneurship across different cultural contexts. Future research could extend this inquiry to varied sociocultural settings, employing post-structuralist and ethnographic methodologies to further explore the performance of gender roles and the negotiation of belonging in entrepreneurial contexts.Originality/valueBy foregrounding the concept of positionality, this study enriches the dialogue on gender dynamics within entrepreneurship, offering fresh perspectives on the agency of women entrepreneurs in male-dominated sectors. It illustrates how gender identities and performances are not fixed but are actively constructed and negotiated, contributing to the evolving landscape of entrepreneurial masculinities and femininities.

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Documenting Essex‐Boy as a local gendered regime

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

Annual review article: Is it time to rethink the gender agenda in entrepreneurship research?

Annual review article: Is it time to rethink the gender agenda in entrepreneurship research?

Entrepreneurial Experiences of Becoming an Employer: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Masquerade of power: women entrepreneurs reshaping gender norms in Kazakhstan's male-dominated sectors

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