Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation by decreasing microRNA‑155 expression levels

Abstract

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMc) hyperplasia is a common cause of carotid restenosis. in the present study, the potential protective effects of docosahexaenoic acid (dHa) in carotid restenosis and the underlying mechanism of its effects were examined. VSMcs were treated with dHa, a polyunsaturated ω-3 fatty acid. cell migration and proliferation were assessed using wound healing and cell counting Kit-8 assays and by measuring Ki-67 protein levels. additionally, the expression levels of microrna-155 were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative Pcr (rT-qPcr). The involvement of microrna-155 in the regulation of migration and proliferation was evaluated by transfecting VSMcs with microrna mimics and inhibitors. Moreover, the reversal of migration and proliferation after transfection of VSMcs with the microrna mimics and subsequent treatment with dHa was investigated. A target gene of microRNA-155 was identified using RT-qPCR and luciferase assays. The migration and proliferation of VSMcs, as well as the expression of microrna-155 was inhibited by dHa stimulation. Microrna-155 regulated the migration and proliferation of VSMcs. Finally, proliferation and migration of VSMcs were reduced following dHa treatment, which was mediated by an increase in the expression levels of microrna-155. Suppressor of cytokine signalling 1 (Socs1) was the target gene of microrna-155. in conclusion, dHa inhibited VSMc migration and proliferation by reducing microrna-155 expression. This effect may be caused by the microrna-155 target gene Socs1.

Influence of the Bioactive Diet Components on the Gene Expression Regulation

“…↑ miR-99a omega-3 fatty acids: DHA, EPA breast cancer [164] ↑ miR-138-5p lung cancer [165] ↑ miR-34a multiple myeloma [166] ↑ miR-194 and ↓ miR-106b breast cancer [167] ↓ miR-21 breast cancer [168] ↓ microRNA-155 carotid restenosis [169] ↓ microRNA-20a gastric cancer [170] ↓ miR-21 Parkinson's disease [171] ↓ miRNA-146a and -155 vitamin D obesity [172] ↑ miR-100 and -125b prostate cancer [173] ↑ miR-10a vitamin E breast cancer [174] ↑ miR-374, miR-16, miR-199a-5p, miR-195, and miR-30e; ↓ miR-3571, miR-675, and miR-450a selenium cardiac dysfunction [175] ↓ miR-21, miR-31, and miR-223; ↓ miR-375 zinc esophageal cancer [176] In recent years, a great deal of information has emerged about the presence of miRNA in both human and cow's milk. Importantly, miRNA in milk is transported in extracellular vesicles, which protects the molecules against the effects of RNase and unfavourable conditions in the gastrointestinal tract.…”