Nanoparticles have been considered for a while as unlikely to penetrate healthy (undisrupted) skin [ 1 ]. It is universally accepted now that their size is an important factor which determines their absorption into the skin. In 2008 a European forum, the Scientifi c Committee on Consumer Products, made public their opinion about interactions between nanostructures and the skin. Their statements were made based on the sizes involved [ 2 ] and showed that only for particles smaller than 10 nm there is evidence of penetration as far as the dermis. For particles of 20 nm or larger there is no evidence of penetration into viable (undisrupted) skin layers. The conclusion summarizes experiments done on both human and porcine skin. The same document states that the situation is different for hair follicles which allow deep penetration of particles 20 nm or larger and can function as reservoirs for nanoparticles. Mechanical effects on the skin (e.g. wrinkles, fl exing) affect (modulate) penetration as well.Not all reports agree that particles larger than 20 nm do not penetrate into viable skin layers. Baroli et al. describe experimental proof of these particles' access into the epidermis [ 3 ] whereas Prow et al., while agreeing that nanoparticles get into the stratum corneum (SC), refute their penetration into the epidermis [ 4 ]. The two studies used different nanospecies and methodologies which may provide valid reasons for the disagreement.Another study [ 5 ] mentions slightly different size limits in connection with penetration into the skin. Nanoparticles smaller than 13 nm can easily penetrate deeply while the 25 nm ones can only reach into 3-5 layers of the SC. Penetrating beyond the SC barrier is the highest hurdle for skin medications and for skin care cosmetics. In a recent study [ 6 ] Chen et al. defi ne the molecular weight limit above which particles do not penetrate intact epidermis as 500 Da. Yet another study [ 7 ] sets the limit at 600 Da for a species to "signifi cantly permeate the skin" but does not exclude the capability of heavier species to enter SC and, by interfering with its assembly, enable other nanospecies to penetrate it.For any valid conclusions to be drawn and further scenarios to be written, it is necessary to make comparisons between materials within the same category (size,