Do the phenology and functional stem attributes of woody species allow for the identification of functional groups in the semiarid region of Brazil?

Lima, André Luiz Alves de; Sampaio, Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto; Castro, Cibele Cardoso; Rodal, Maria Jesus Nogueira; Antonino, Antônio Celso Dantas; Melo, André Laurênio de

doi:10.1007/s00468-012-0735-2

Cited by 61 publications

(74 citation statements)

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“…Essa relação sugere que espécies decíduas mantem uma alta concentração de nitrogênio foliar para manter alta taxa de assimilação de CO 2 que é fixado em grande quantidade durante o curto tempo de vida da folha (Eamus 1999). No período seco, essas espécies perdem as folhas para evitar a perda excessiva de água (Borchert 1994;Lima & Rodal, 2010;Lima et al 2012). Em contrapartida, espécies sempre verdes mantém as folhas e as trocas gasosas mesmo sob baixos potenciais hídricos, exibindo clara tolerância ao déficit hídrico (Odening et al 1974).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Outros estudos recentes realizados no semiárido do Brasil demonstraram que associações entre traços do caule e o comportamento fenológicos das espécies foram essenciais para identificar grupos funcionais, além disso, observaram que esses grupos respondem diferentemente a fatores abióticos como temperatura, fotoperíodo e precipitação (Lima & Rodal 2010;Lima et al 2012;Oliveira et al 2015). No entanto, as diferenças entre traços funcionais foliares e as implicações dessas diferenças nas trocas gasosas e relações hídricas das espécies não foram observadas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Divergências funcionais e estratégias de resistência à seca entre espécies decíduas e sempre verdes tropicais

et al. 2015

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ResumoAnalisamos a variação funcional entre espécies decíduas (ED) e sempre verdes (ESV) para compreender as divergências nas estratégias de tolerância e evitação à seca. O estudo foi realizado em um fragmento de floresta tropical sazonalmente seca, localizada no munícipio de Pentecoste (3°47'S, 39°16'W), Ceará, Brasil. Mensuramos 17 traços funcionais foliares em 17 ED e cinco ESV, sendo 12 morfofuncionais, um fenológico e quatro fisiológicos. Verificamos que as ED exibiram maior taxa de fotossíntese por massa (A massa ), menor longevidade foliar (LF) e massa foliar específica (MFE) quando comparadas às sempre verdes. Esses traços foram considerados traços-chaves preditores das estratégias de evitação e tolerância à seca. As ED e ESV apresentaram uma demanda conflitante entre tolerância à seca e taxa fotossintética, pois a LF foi negativamente correlacionada com à A massa . Embora tenham demonstrado diferenças claras na MFE e LF não observamos diferenças significativas na A área e g s , consequentemente, ED e ESV não diferiram na eficiência no uso da água durante o período chuvoso. Apesar da variabilidade substancial dentro do grupo, todas as ED exibem estratégia de evitação à seca enquanto que ESV exibem um conjunto de traços funcionais foliares relacionados a estratégia de tolerância à seca. Palavras-chave: Grupos fenológicos, tolerância à seca, evitação à seca. AbstractWe analyzed the functional variation between deciduous and evergreen species to understand the differences across the strategies of avoidance and tolerance to drought. Our study was carried in a fragment of seasonally dry tropical forest located in the city of Pentecoste (3°47'S, 39°16'W), Ceará, Brazil. We measured 17 functional leaf traits in 17 deciduous and five evergreen species, being 12 morphofunctional, one phenological and four physiological. We found that deciduous species exhibited greater A mass , lower leaf lifespan (LL) and leaf mass per area (LMA) than evergreen species. These traits were considered key predictor traits of avoidance and drought tolerance strategies. Deciduous and evergreen species showed a trade-off between drought tolerance and photosynthetic rate, LL was negatively correlated with A mass . Although we have shown clear differences in LMA and LL not observed significant differences in A area and g s , consequently, deciduous species and evergreen species did not find significant differences in WUE i and WUE. Despite substantial variability within the group, all deciduous species fall predominantly in the drought avoidance strategy, while evergreen species display a suite of traits related to drought tolerance.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

Divergências funcionais e estratégias de resistência à seca entre espécies decíduas e sempre verdes tropicais

et al. 2015

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“…; Lima et al . ). Thus, for stem‐succulent species, the synchronisation of leaf phenology between juvenile and mature individuals does not seem to expose the former to great stress from shading.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Differences in leaf phenology between juvenile and adult individuals of two tree species in a seasonally dry tropical woodland

Souza

Costa

2019

Austral Ecology

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In temperate forests, juvenile trees anticipate leaf phenology compared to adults, thus avoiding shading and herbivory. This is also expected to occur in seasonal tropical forests due to intense herbivory and shading during the rainy season; however, the anticipation of leaf phenology by juveniles in seasonal tropical forests has yet to be demonstrated. Stem‐succulent species are expected to be prone to juvenile phenological anticipation because these species are able to use water stored in their stems for leaf flushing in the dry season. We investigated this hypothesis by comparing leaf phenology (bud break, leaf expansion) of juveniles and adults of two species with contrasting wood densities in the transition between dry and rainy seasons in a tropical dry woodland. We also investigated the level of light limitation that juveniles experience in the rainy season. Both species exhibited bud break during the dry season, but only expanded their leaves with the occurrence of the first rains. In general, the stem‐succulent species had a more precocious bud break; however, anticipation by juveniles occurred only in the species with more dense wood. Canopy openness was lower than in temperate deciduous forests, but the fact that the full expansion of leaves occurred only with rainfall indicates that bud break in anticipation of canopy closure contributes only to keeping leaf photosynthetic balance from going negative, and not to higher carbon gain. The importance of anticipated budding for escaping herbivory remains an alternative explanation in need of investigation.

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“…However, changes in the percentage of floristic similarity between the seasons occur, confirming the hypothesis of this study. The percentage (57%) of seasonal similarity was higher than that of mature forests that range from 22% to 53% (Caballero, Olano, Luzuriaga, & Escudero, 2005;López, 2003), possibly due to the influence of seasonality and its interaction with human disturbance on the reproductive period of plants (Albuquerque et al, 2012;Amorim et al, 2009;Donohue et al, 2010;Lima et al, 2007;Lima et al, 2012;Souza et al, 2014). Lopes et al (2012) and Souza et al (2014) conducted studies on seed rain and vegetation structure in the same study area and found that the young caatinga forest was still in early stages of succession and had reduced species richness compared to the mature forest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

¿Qué ocurre con el banco de semillas del suelo 17 años después del corte de la vegetación?

Mendes

Silva

Santos

et al. 2015

RBT

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Abstract:Seed banks play an important role in the resilience of potential anthropogenic areas and are influenced by seasonal variation. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the forests influences the richness and density of the soil seed bank, but there is a hypothesis that such influence can be changed in anthropogenic areas, where we expect to find lower richness and seed density in relation to the seed bank of mature forests. The richness and seasonal density of seeds in the soil depth of a young caatinga forest, 17 years after an agricultural activity was abandoned, were evaluated and compared with those of a mature forest. The study was conducted at the Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco -IPA (Estação Experimental José Nilson de Melo), located in Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brazil, in an area of tropical dry forest, known locally as "caatinga". The local climate is seasonal, the dry season occurring from September to February and the rainy season concentrated in the remaining months. The average annual rainfall over time (time series of 30 years) is 692mm. In each climatic season (rainy and dry), the seed bank was sampled in 210 20x20cm plots (105 in the leaf litter and 105 at 5cm soil depth). The richness and seed density of the soil samples were evaluated by the method of seedling emergence. The seed bank had 47 species, with a predominance of herbaceous plants. Seasonal variation in richness and seed density in the soil (leaf litter + soil) was not significant, but 42 species of the mature forest were absent from the seed bank of the young forest, despite 17 years of natural regeneration and its proximity to the mature forest. On its own, the soil has greater richness and density of seeds than the leaf litter. The depth of seed deposition in the soil bank of the young forest significantly explained 36% of the species richness and 16% of the seed density, with a significant interaction effect with the climatic season only on species richness, explaining 4% of the variation recorded. The seed density of the young forest (1 277seeds/m 2 ) was greater than that the mature forest indicating that the time abandoned had not yet been sufficient for complete recovery of plant diversity and there is no longer any seed limitation of pioneer species for regeneration of the young forest. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (2): 321-332. Epub 2015 June 01.Key words: semiarid, young forests, savanna, natural regeneration, resilience.The soil seed bank reflects the factors that affect plant reproduction and survival of seeds in time and space (Donohue, Casas, Burghardt, Kovach, & Willis, 2010;López, 2003;Pennington, Lavin, & Oliveira-Filho, 2009; Pugnaire, & Lázaro, 2000;Silva et al., 2013a), and may be depleted in disturbed areas (Mamede, & Araújo, 2008;Wang, Jiang, Toshio, & Zhou, 2013;Williams, Congdon, Grice, & Clarke, 2005). However, the influence of spatial and temporal heterogeneity on the soil seed bank of areas that have undergone the removal of vegetation is still poorly documented, making it difficult to assess the potential f...

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Do the phenology and functional stem attributes of woody species allow for the identification of functional groups in the semiarid region of Brazil?

Cited by 61 publications

References 52 publications

Divergências funcionais e estratégias de resistência à seca entre espécies decíduas e sempre verdes tropicais

Divergências funcionais e estratégias de resistência à seca entre espécies decíduas e sempre verdes tropicais

Differences in leaf phenology between juvenile and adult individuals of two tree species in a seasonally dry tropical woodland

¿Qué ocurre con el banco de semillas del suelo 17 años después del corte de la vegetación?

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