Do the global lung function initiative reference equations reflect a sample of adult Middle Eastern population?

Al‐Qerem, Walid; Hammad, Alaa M.; AlQirem, Rania A; Ling, Jonathan

doi:10.1111/crj.13027

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To summarize, the results of this study indicated that similar to other studies conducted in several countries in Europe, 26‐28 the GLI 2012 equations for Caucasians demonstrated a reasonable fit to our data; as the study results indicate that the Caucasian equation was more suitable for the Jordanian school‐aged children when compared with the other or mixed. This contraindicate our previous results 29 that found that the GLI 2012 for other or mixed was a better representation to the adult Jordanian when compared with the Caucasian equation, this emphasizes the importance of evaluating the applicability of GLI 2012 Caucasians and other or mixed to older children in Jordan and highlights the importance of long‐term longitudinal studies to evaluate changes occurring in lung growth and factors that may influence it in Jordan.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

How applicable are GLI 2012 equations to a sample of Middle Eastern school‐age children?

Al‐Qerem

2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The Global Lung Function Initiative attempted to formulate global all‐age lung function equations. The suitability of these equations to Middle Eastern children was never evaluated; this study will evaluate these equations in addition to other regional ones. Methods Spirometry was conducted for 582 (311 boys) healthy 6‐ to 13‐year‐old Jordanian children. z scores, predicted values, percent predicted values, and frequency of records below lower limit than normal (LLN) were calculated for each child using the studied equations. Results Although none of the studied equations produced a perfect representation of the study data, the GLI 2012 equations for Caucasians were the most suitable. Conclusion GLI 2012 equations for Caucasians are a reasonable fit for Jordanian school‐aged children.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

How applicable are GLI 2012 equations to a sample of Middle Eastern school‐age children?

Al‐Qerem

2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This present study is part of a project involving three parts. The first and two parts, which were recently published, aimed at testing the applicability of the GLI‐ 2012 norms on a sample of healthy adults aged ≥ 18 years 16 and school‐age children (age: 6–13 years) 13 living in Jordan. The third part is the objective of this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 However, the GLI-2012 Caucasian equations showed a better representation in the younger group when compared with the current studied age group. 13 Moreover, previous work that validated the GLI-2012 equations in Jordanian adults 16 indicated that the GLI-2012 Other or Mixed had a better representation for the Jordanian adults. 16 The results of these three studies indicate that there is a slower pulmonary growth rate and emphasizes the need for long-term studies to evaluate the changes in lung growth rates among the Jordanian population and factors that may influence these.…”

Section: F I G U R E 1 Recruitment Chart Flowmentioning

confidence: 98%

The applicability of the global lung initiative equations and other regional equations on a sample of healthy Middle Eastern adolescents

Al‐Qerem

Alassi

Jarab

et al. 2021

Clinical Respiratory J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The Global Lung Initiative 2012 (GLI‐2012) spirometry equations are multi‐ethnic equations that cover all ages between 3 and 95. However, there is a need to evaluate the suitability of these equations to a sample of Middle Eastern adolescents prior to being applied in clinical practice. The aim of this study is to evaluate the suitability of GLI‐2012 equations and two regional equations to a sample of Jordanian adolescents. Methods Spirometric measures were collected from 1036 healthy 14 to 17‐year‐old Jordanian children. z‐scores, predicted values, percent predicted values, and frequency of measures below lower limit of normal (LLN) were calculated for each adolescent using the studied equations. Results The means of z‐scores produced by GLI‐2012 equations for Caucasians in forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC% and mid forced expiratory flow (FEF25‐75) for boys were 0.12, −0.06, 0.34 and 0.09, respectively, while for girls they were −0.09, −0.16, 0.19 and −0.05, respectively. The mean of z‐scores produced by GLI‐2012 Other or Mixed equations in FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC% and FEF25‐75 for boys were 0.74, 072, 021 and 0.33, respectively, and for girls were 0.53, 0.56,0.02 and 0.2, respectively. The frequency of measures below LLN as produced by GLI 2012 for Caucasians were significantly different from the expected 5% in FEV1 and FEF25‐75 in boys only, whereas Other or Mixed produced frequencies significantly different from the expected 5% in most of the parameters. Conclusion Spirometry reference equations formulated for Jordanian adolescents may improve the diagnosis and treatment of asthma in Jordan.

show abstract

“…Many studies have evaluated the GLI spirometry equations and recommended their use in clinical practice [ 8 – 12 ]. However, not all validation studies on Caucasians have concluded that GLI provides an accurate fit [ 13 – 15 ]. Comparison of the GLI reference equations on spirometry to those of the 1993 ERS reference values convincingly demonstrated that the former outperformed the latter to describe the data of a large Swedish cohort [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Global Lung Function Initiative reference equations in Belgian adults

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundOver the past decade, the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) Network has published all-age reference equations on spirometry, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and lung volumes.MethodsWe evaluated the appropriateness of these equations in an adult Caucasian population. Retrospective lung function data on subjects who performed tests prior to a diagnostic sleep investigation were analysed. From the medical records, lung healthy, lifetime nonsmoking, nonobese subjects were selected, resulting in a population of 1311 subjects (68% male; age range 18–88 years).ResultsMultiple linear regression analysis revealed that lung function z-scores did not differ between subjects with and without sleep apnoea but did depend on height and age. The average forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) z-score was 0 but exhibited an inverse association with height in both sexes (p<0.01). Values of FEV1 and FVC in both sexes were larger than predicted (mean±sd z-score +0.30±0.96 or 104±13% pred; p<0.01). Overall, static lung volumes and DLCO were adequately predicted. However, DLCO z-scores were inversely associated with height in males and age in females (p<0.01). For all lung function indices, the observed scatter was reduced compared with the prediction. Therefore, for all indices <5% of the data were below the GLI-proposed lower limit of normal (LLN) threshold.ConclusionGLI reference equations provide an adequate fit in Belgian adults. However, the GLI-proposed LLN is too low for our Antwerp population, resulting in underdiagnosis of disease. Furthermore, airway obstruction and diffusion disorders might be misclassified due to height and age associations.

show abstract

Do the global lung function initiative reference equations reflect a sample of adult Middle Eastern population?

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

How applicable are GLI 2012 equations to a sample of Middle Eastern school‐age children?

How applicable are GLI 2012 equations to a sample of Middle Eastern school‐age children?

The applicability of the global lung initiative equations and other regional equations on a sample of healthy Middle Eastern adolescents

Evaluation of the Global Lung Function Initiative reference equations in Belgian adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About