Do stringent environmental regulations help improve the total factor carbon productivity? Empirical evidence from China’s industrial sectors

Impact of Industrial Structure Upgrading on Green Total Factor Productivity in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

“…Environmental regulation is measured by the comprehensive index of the discharge of industrial pollutants (industrial wastewater, industrial sulfur dioxide, and industrial solid waste) and the total industrial output value. The formula is as follows [ 40 , 41 , 42 ]: where refers to the relative position of the n -th pollutant emission intensity in the whole county of province i in t year, represents the emission of the nth pollutant of province i in t year, refers to the total industrial output value of province i in t year, represents the national emission of the n -th pollutant in t year, and represents the total industrial output value of the country in t year.…”

Environmental Regulation, Scientific and Technological Innovation, and Industrial Structure Upgrading in the Yellow River Basin, China

“…Zhang et al explored the effect of environmental technology standards on enterprise green transformation and the action mechanism using data from the Chinese manufacturing industry from 2000 to 2006, and the results showed that environmental technology standards indirectly contribute to the green transformation of the manufacturing industry through three technological modification mechanisms: terminal governance, capital renewal, and resource restructuring [ 24 ]. Hu and Xiong found that environmental regulations indirectly advance the transition toward low-carbon development in China’s industrial sector through energy structure and technological progress [ 25 ]. Yu and Lu verified the direct and indirect effects of regional environmental regulations on industrial structure upgrading using a dynamic spatial panel model and panel data of 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2004 to 2016, and the results showed that regional industrial structure upgrading can be promoted by strengthening the environmental regulations and that regional environmental regulations can effectively alleviate the negative effects of economic development, human capital, and foreign direct investment on industrial structure upgrading [ 26 ].…”

How Does Emissions Trading Affect the Efficiency of Enterprise Resource Allocation? Evidence From China

“…Generally, market-based environmental regulation policies adopt a point-to-point strategy, that is, a “region-city” hierarchical strategy. The macro factors that affect the implementation of the pilot policies for emission trading in the pilot areas include the degree of economic development at the regional level and the degree of improvement of environmental protection policies (Coleman et al, 2019; Porter & Linde, 1995; Si & Cao, 2021; Wan et al, 2022; Wei & Zhenxing, 2021). Since the implementation of emission trading policies on regional industry resource allocation efficiency may be related to the previous economic and environmental development level of these areas, in this case, the implementation of the emission trading policy cannot be regarded entirely as an exogenous impact on the efficiency of resource allocation of local enterprises.…”