Do prism and other adaptation paradigms really measure the same processes?

Fleury, Laurent; Prablanc, Claude; Priot, Anne-Emmanuelle

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2019.07.012

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…Imagine a patient being able to transfer motor compensations acquired during an ideal, unique rehabilitation session onto all other daily life situations. Then, the aim for therapists would be to solicit sensorimotor plasticity processes implying transformations that can generalize beyond the context in which they were developed 3 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The plasticity that characterizes our nervous system encompasses the capacity to acquire new motor program and the capacity to modify existent pattern to face new conditions. Bastian relates these definitions respectively to learning and adaptation [2][3][4] . As such, skill learning is related to the establishment of a 'new control policy' while adaptation refers to the 'recalibration of an existing control policy' 5 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Inter-task transfer of prism adaptation depends on exposed task mastery

Fleury

Pastor

Revol

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The sensorimotor system sets up plastic alterations to face new demands. Terms such as adaptation and learning are broadly used to describe a variety of processes underlying this aptitude. The mechanisms whereby transformations acquired to face a perturbation generalize to other situations or stay context-dependent remain weakly understood. Here, we compared the performance of hand pointing vs throwing to visual targets while facing an optical shift of the visual field (prismatic deviation). We found that the transfer of compensations was conditioned by the task performed during exposure to the perturbation: compensations transferred from pointing to throwing but not at all from throwing to pointing. Additionally, expertise on the task performed during exposure had a marked influence on the amount of transfer to the non-exposed task: throwing experts (dart players) remarkably transferred compensations to the pointing task. Our results reveal that different processes underlying these distinct transfer properties may be at work to face a given perturbation. Their solicitation depends on mastery for the exposed task, which is responsible for different patterns of inter-task transfer. An important implication is that transfer properties, and not only after-effects, should be included as a criterion for adaptation. At the theoretical level, we suggest that tasks may need to be mastered before they can be subjected to adaptation, which has new implications for the distinction between learning and adaptation.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Inter-task transfer of prism adaptation depends on exposed task mastery

Fleury

Pastor

Revol

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Therefore, the understanding of the conditions favorable to developing sensorimotor after-effects and their generalization beyond the perturbation apparatus to a broader spatial context could help us to understand the transfer of sensorimotor plasticity to spatial cognition. A recent and inescapable review of the literature comparing the sensorimotor processes with respect to specific methodological features provide useful understanding keys (Fleury, Prablanc, & Priot, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether or not participants hold a (passive) robotic arm allows them to switch control (Kluzik et al, 2008). Adaptation to visuo-motor rotation may rely on a context-dependent process because this adjustment would be specific to the interface (Fleury et al, 2019). The concept of generalization corresponds to the persistent compensations that can be observed in different contexts from exposure conditions (Bastian, 2008; Censor, 2013; Poggio & Bizzi, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It depends considerably on specific exposure conditions. Robust generalization of after-effects outside the exposure conditions reflects an adaptive process which is context-independent following prisms exposure (Bedford, 1989; Fleury et al, 2019). Conversely, the limited generalization to other conditions is associated with a high contribution of contextdependent processes following visuomotor rotation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visuo-motor rotation influences representational acuity but not space representation

Michel

Amoura

White

2020

Preprint

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Prism adaptation is a well-known experimental procedure to study sensorimotor plasticity. It has been shown that following prism exposure, after-effects are not only restricted to the sensorimotor level but extend as well to spatial cognition. In the present study, we used a visuo-motor rotation task which approaches the perturbations induced by prism exposure. We induced either leftward or rightward 15-degree rotations and we presented the perturbation either abruptly (from one trial to the next) or gradually (over a 34-trial transition). First, we found that none of the conditions produced cognitive after-effects in perceptive line bisection task. This result has a strong methodological impact for prospective investigations focusing on sensorimotor plasticity while sparing space cognition; it is particularly relevant when investigating sensorimotor plasticity in patients with specific representational feature to preserve from aggravation. Second, another interesting result was the increase of the sensitivity with which we discriminate the center of the line, that we propose to call representational acuity. It improved following the perturbation more particularly after gradual exposure and persisted for some time after the sensorimotor adaptation. These innovative results are discussed in terms of sensorimotor processes underpinning the transfer of visuomotor plasticity to spatial cognition.

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Tapping on a target: dealing with uncertainty about its position and motion

2022

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Reaching movements are guided by estimates of the target object’s location. Since the precision of instantaneous estimates is limited, one might accumulate visual information over time. However, if the object is not stationary, accumulating information can bias the estimate. How do people deal with this trade-off between improving precision and reducing the bias? To find out, we asked participants to tap on targets. The targets were stationary or moving, with jitter added to their positions. By analysing the response to the jitter, we show that people continuously use the latest available information about the target’s position. When the target is moving, they combine this instantaneous target position with an extrapolation based on the target’s average velocity during the last several hundred milliseconds. This strategy leads to a bias if the target’s velocity changes systematically. Having people tap on accelerating targets showed that the bias that results from ignoring systematic changes in velocity is removed by compensating for endpoint errors if such errors are consistent across trials. We conclude that combining simple continuous updating of visual information with the low-pass filter characteristics of muscles, and adjusting movements to compensate for errors made in previous trials, leads to the precise and accurate human goal-directed movements.

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Do prism and other adaptation paradigms really measure the same processes?

Cited by 27 publications

References 131 publications

Inter-task transfer of prism adaptation depends on exposed task mastery

Inter-task transfer of prism adaptation depends on exposed task mastery

Visuo-motor rotation influences representational acuity but not space representation

Tapping on a target: dealing with uncertainty about its position and motion

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