Do Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Play a Role in Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis of the Guinea Pig?

Evaluation of Methods of Measurements of Permeability Increases

“…There is no mention of this problem in the papers by T aichman and Movat [5] and Taichman et al [6], and we followed their methods exactly to be able to compare our results with their published results.…”

“…The reaction sites of the skin were measured and excised with a 20-mm diameter corkborer and then examined for radioactivity in a Nuclear Chicago Ultrascaler II or extracted with 4 ml of formamide (Fisher Scientific Co., New York, N.Y.) for 3 days at 45 °C as previously described [4][5][6]. In some experiments, after counting the radioactivity, the skins were extracted with formamide for 3 days.…”

“…Another less used method is the measuring of the di ameter and intensity of the reaction and comparing the data thus obtained with reactions obtained with known amounts of antibody [2], Other meth ods of quantitation have been proposed. One is based on the spectrophotometric determinations of the recovered Evans blue [4][5][6], and the other is based on the use of radioisotope-marked substances [7], In the latter …”

The Role of PMN-Leukocyte Lysosomes in Tissue Injury, Inflammation and Hypersensitivity

“…We have demonstrated that in several in vivo systems the increase in vessel permeability and the production of hemorrhage is associated with an accumulation of PMN-lcukocytes which show ultrastructural changes indicative of phagocytosis and degranulation [6,9,10,11,12,26], When this process occurs in vitro the degranulating cells release phlogistic substances into the ambient fluid. This material is referred to as 'Pf/Phag', or 'permeability factor(s) released during phagocytosis'.…”

“…In subsequent studies, formation of digestive vacuoles, containing Ag-Ab complexes and fragments of granules were demonstrated ultrastructurally, implicating release of granule material ¡in the Arthus reaction [5, 6J. PMN-leukocytes or their granules (lysosomes) were shown to play a significant role in the induction of lesions in several conditions, including serum sickness [7], nephrotoxic nephritis [8], the local Shwartzman reaction [9] and in cutaneous [10,11] and systemic [12] aggregate anaphylaxis.Investigation of the phlogistic agents in the PMN-leukocyte lysosome was initiated by Goi.ub and Spitz.nagei. [13], who demon-…”