Do plants need nitrate? The mechanisms by which nitrogen form affects plants

Andrews, Mitchell; Raven, John A.; Lea, Peter J.

doi:10.1111/aab.12045

Cited by 281 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 247 publications

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“…11 Furthermore, ammonium is primarily assimilated in roots, while it is imported from the environment. [12][13][14] NADH-GOGAT was involved in assimilation of ammonium derived from the non-photorespiratory pathway. 15,16 However, it is not clear whether root NADH-GOGAT mediated ammonium assimilation is inhibited in the function under ambient air conditions or the function is only given under high CO 2 conditions.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

NADH-dependent glutamate synthase participated in ammonium assimilation inArabidopsisroot

Kojima

Konishi

Beier

et al. 2014

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Higher plants have 2 GOGAT species, Fd-GOGAT and NADH-GOGAT. While Fd-GOGAT mainly assimilates ammonium in leaves, which is derived from photorespiration, the function of NADH-GOGAT, which is highly expressed in roots, 1 needs to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of NADH-GOGAT in Arabidopsis roots. The supply of ammonium to the roots caused an accumulation of NADH-GOGAT, while Fd-GOGAT 1 and Fd-GOGAT 2 showed no response. A promoter-GUS fusion analysis and immunohistochemistry showed that NADH-GOGAT was located in nongreen tissues like vascular bundles, shoot apical meristem, pollen, stigma, and roots. The localization of NADH-GOGAT and Fd-GOGAT was not overlapped. NADH-GOGAT T-DNA insertion lines showed a reduction of glutamate and biomass under normal CO 2 conditions. These data emphasizes the importance of NADH-GOGAT in the ammonium assimilation of Arabidopsis roots.Glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOGAT or glutamate synthase) catalyzes the synthesis of 2 glutamates through the transfer of a glutamine amide residue to 2-oxoglutarate.1 GOGAT uses ferredoxin or NADH as electron donor.

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Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

NADH-dependent glutamate synthase participated in ammonium assimilation inArabidopsisroot

Kojima

Konishi

Beier

et al. 2014

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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“…Soil N availability usually limits plant yields in most agricultural cropping systems [5]. Thus, application of N fertilizer has become an important, cost-effective strategy to increase crop yields in intensive agricultural systems worldwide [6]. However, traditionally adding N fertilizer to improve crop yields may have reached a plateau.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice

Huang¹,

Zhao²,

Zhang³

et al. 2018

Nitrogen in Agriculture - Updates

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Food security is a major global issue because of the growing population and decreasing land area. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important staple cereal crop in the world. Application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has improved crop yield in the world during the past five decades but with considerable negative impacts on the environment. New solutions are therefore urgently needed to simultaneously increase yields while maintaining or preferably decreasing applied N to maximize the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crops. Plant NUE is inherently complex with each step (including N uptake, translocation, assimilation, and remobilization) governed by multiple interacting genetic and environmental factors. Based on the current knowledge, we propose some possible approaches enhancing NUE, by molecular manipulation selecting candidate genes and agricultural integrated management practices for NUE improvement. Developing an integrated research program combining approaches, mainly based on whole-plant physiology, quantitative genetics, forward and reverse genetics, and agronomy approaches to improve NUE, is a major objective in the future.

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“…Lassaletta et al [5] suggested that a further increase of nitrogen fertilization would result in a disproportionately low increase of crop production with further environmental alterations, unless cropping systems improve their efficiency substantially. N is the major limiting factor in agricultural production among mineral fertilizers [10,[15][16][17] and NUE is estimated to be far below 50% in cereal grains [6], improving that NUE is essential for improving overall productivity in maize [18]. Lassaletta et al [5] stated that nutrient use efficiency acts as the indictor to check the ability of a crop to convert available nutrients to economic yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Varieties and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Maize on Farmers Field in Mid Altitude Areas of Western Ethiopia

Abera

Debele²,

Wegary

2017

International Journal of Agronomy

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Yield of maize hybrids could be low when grown below optimum management practices. Use of improved varieties and optimum nitrogen fertilizer application practices are unlocking the high yielding potential of hybrids maize. With these in view, a field experiment was executed on farmers' field to determine the effect of varieties and nitrogen fertilizer rate on yield and yield components of maize in two cropping seasons. It is laid out with randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. Five maize varieties (BH-540, BH-543, BH-661, BH-660, and BH-140) as main factor and two levels of nitrogen (55 and 110 Kg N ha −1 ) as subfactor were used with one maize variety (BH-543) without fertilizer as control. Leaf area and leaf area index of maize varieties were significantly affected by application of nitrogen fertilizer rates. Interaction of maize varieties with nitrogen fertilizer rates significantly affected all yield and yield components of maize. Application of half and full recommended nitrogen fertilizer produced mean grain yield advantages of 31 and 41% over control. Therefore, application of half and full recommended nitrogen fertilizer for improved maize varieties has significantly improved grain yield and recommended for maize production in midaltitude area of western Ethiopia.

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Do plants need nitrate? The mechanisms by which nitrogen form affects plants

Cited by 281 publications

References 247 publications

NADH-dependent glutamate synthase participated in ammonium assimilation inArabidopsisroot

NADH-dependent glutamate synthase participated in ammonium assimilation inArabidopsisroot

Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice

Effects of Varieties and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Maize on Farmers Field in Mid Altitude Areas of Western Ethiopia

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