Do pigeons (Columba livia) study for a test?

Roberts, William A.; Feeney, Miranda C.; McMillan, Neil; Macpherson, Krista; Musolino, Evanya; Petter, Mark

doi:10.1037/a0013722

Cited by 67 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Rats (Foote & Crystal, 2007 and birds (Goto & Watanabe, 2012;Inman & Shettleworth, 1999;Roberts et al 2009;Teller, 1989) have provided inconclusive evidence supporting a claim of metacognitive abilities in some experiments. In other experiments, rats (Kirk, McMillan, & Roberts, 2014;Templer, Lee, & Preston, 2017) and birds (Castro & Wasserman, 2013;Roberts, McMillan, Musolino, & Cole, 2012;Watanabe & Clayton, 2016) do appear to show responding consistent with a hypothesis of influence by a metacognitive system using the information-seeking paradigm or an uncertainty response.…”

Section: Limited Success In Metacognition Tests In Non-primate Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may also partly explain unnecessary searching in capuchin monkeys. Beran and Smith (2011) assessed information seeking using a computerized task with capuchin monkeys and rhesus macaques and contrasted performances with published pigeon results (Roberts et al, 2009). The primary task was a matching-to-sample task with three comparison options.…”

Section: The Curious Case Of Capuchin Monkeys As a Meaningful Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Not knowing what one knows: A Meaningful failure of metacognition in capuchin monkeys.

Smith¹,

Smith²,

Beran³

2018

AB&C

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Section: Limited Success In Metacognition Tests In Non-primate Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Curious Case Of Capuchin Monkeys As a Meaningful Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

Not knowing what one knows: A Meaningful failure of metacognition in capuchin monkeys.

Smith¹,

Smith²,

Beran³

2018

AB&C

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“…Although the initial findings of Roberts et al (2009) failed to yield evidence of information seeking in pigeons, the new experimental designs and procedures used by Zentall and Stagner (2010) and in the new study reported here indicate that pigeons will respond for information that can be used to obtain reward. In both cases, equalizing the delay to reinforcement for informative and non-informative choices seems to yield a preference for the informative choice.…”

Section: Of the Circle Led Directly To Test Stimuli (Experiments 1a) mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Experiments with pigeons were carried out in our laboratory to address this question (Roberts, Feeney, McMillan, Macpherson, Musolino, & Petter, 2009). The procedure was similar to that described for testing monkeys in the Beran and Smith (2011) studies.…”

Section: Do Pigeons Show Information Seeking?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Information Seeking in Animals: Metacognition?

Roberts¹,

McMillan²,

Musolino³

et al. 2012

CCBR

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Metacognition refers to humans' ability to monitor the state of their own learning and to judge the correctness of information retrieved from memory. Inferences about metacognition-like processes in non-human animals have been made from studies in which subjects judge the adequacy of previously presented information and from information seeking studies in which no prior knowledge exists. This article briefly reviews the former type of experiments but focuses on studies of information seeking. A number of studies now indicate that apes and monkeys will look down opaque tubes or under opaque containers to see the location of a hidden reward. They less often make looking responses when other information indicates the location of reward, such as visible baiting, transparent tubes or containers, or logical inference. Studies of information seeking in pigeons, rats, and dogs are reported that indicate they do not readily show the types of looking responses seen in primates. If given a forced choice between stimuli that do and do not yield information about the location of reward, however, these non-primates make the informative choice. It is suggested that the choice of information in these pigeon, rat, and dog experiments may be a form of secondary sign-tracking and thus different from the metacognition-like processes used by primates.

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“…The aim was to investigate whether animals would choose to go directly to the test or to study a sample stimulus before trying to choose the shape that matched the sample. To obtain this information the animal had to touch a "reveal samples" icon (pigeons: Roberts et al, 2009;capuchins and rhesus monkeys: Beran and Smith, 2011). In another memory test, initially developed in pigeons by Roberts et al 2009, subjects could get a reminder when memory of the sample was weak.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Metacognitive Control: the Hint-seeking Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Consciousness

Neindre¹,

Bernard

Boissy

et al. 2017

EFSA Supporting Publications

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After reviewing the literature on current knowledge about consciousness in humans, we present a state-of-the art discussion on consciousness and related key concepts in animals. Obviously much fewer publications are available on non-human species than on humans, most of them relating to laboratory or wild animal species, and only few to livestock species. Human consciousness is by definition subjective and private. Animal consciousness is usually assessed through behavioural performance. Behaviour involves a wide array of cognitive processes that have to be assessed separately using specific experimental protocols. Accordingly, several processes indicative of the presence of consciousness are discussed: perception and cognition, awareness of the bodily-self, selfrelated knowledge of the environment (including social environment). When available, specific examples are given in livestock species. Next, we review the existing evidence regarding neuronal correlates of consciousness, and emphasize the difficulty of linking aspects of consciousness to specific neural structures across the phyla because high-level cognitive abilities may have evolved independently along evolution. Several mammalian brain structures (cortex and midbrain) are involved in the manifestations of consciousness, while the equivalent functional structures for birds and fishes would likely be the pallium/tectum and midbrain. Caution is required before excluding consciousness in species not having the same brain structures as the mammalian ones as different neural architectures may mediate comparable processes. Finally, specific neurophysiological mechanisms appear to be strongly linked to the emergence of consciousness, namely neural synchrony and neural feedback. Considering the limited amount of data available and the few animal species studied so far, we conclude that different manifestations of consciousness can be observed in animals but that further refinement is still needed to characterize their level and content in each species. Further research is required to clarify these issues, especially in livestock species.

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Do pigeons (Columba livia) study for a test?

Cited by 67 publications

References 20 publications

Not knowing what one knows: A Meaningful failure of metacognition in capuchin monkeys.

Not knowing what one knows: A Meaningful failure of metacognition in capuchin monkeys.

Information Seeking in Animals: Metacognition?

Animal Consciousness

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