Do Meaning in Life and Purpose in Life Protect Against Suicide Ideation Among Community-Residing Older Adults?

Heisel, Marnin J.; Flett, Gordon L.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0308-5_18

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Overall levels of suicide ideation are high in this sample of older adults with BD, Mean = 78.18, SD = 22.89. By comparison, the average GSIS score was 67.40 (SD = 13.82) in psychiatric inpatient and outpatients [ 19 ]; and among suicidal older adults and those who have made a recent attempt, Mean = 79.52 (SD = 24.22). The mean for this BD sample is approximately ½ SD above a general sample of older mental health patients, and equivalent to older outpatients currently receiving treatment for suicidal ideation and behavior [ 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We assessed the presence and severity of suicide ideation using the Geriatric Suicide Ideation Scale (GSIS) [ 18 ], a 31-item multidimensional measure which has been developed and validated explicitly among older adults. GSIS items are scored on a Likert scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) [ 19 – 21 ]. The GSIS also contains an item inquiring whether the respondent has attempted suicide in the past, a primary risk indicator for self-harm in future [ 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictors of suicide ideation among older adults with bipolar disorder

et al. 2017

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ObjectivesBipolar disorder (BD) carries the greatest risk of death by suicide of all psychiatric conditions as 25%–50% of those with BD will make one or more suicide attempt, and about 15% will intentionally end their lives. Among young adults with BD, substance misuse, medication non-adherence, age at onset, and comorbid psychiatric conditions each predict self-harm. It is currently unclear if these same factors or others predict suicide ideation among older adults with BD.MethodsWe recruited a global sample of 220 older adults with BD over 19 days using socio-demographically targeted, social media advertising and online data collection (Mean = 58.50, SD = 5.42; range 50 to 81 years). Path analyses allowed us to identify direct and indirect predictors of suicide ideation among older adults with BD.ResultsCognitive failures (perception, memory, and motor function), depressive symptoms, alcohol misuse, and dissatisfaction with life as direct predictors of suicide ideation; duration of BD symptoms and medication non-adherence emerged as indirect predictors. Of note, the significant impact of sleep on suicide ideation is indirect via depressive symptoms, cognitive failures, medication non-adherence and life dissatisfaction.ConclusionsAs with young adults with BD, alcohol misuse and medication non-adherence emerged as significant predictors of suicide ideation. In addition, cognitive failures directly and indirectly predict suicide ideation in this sample of older adults with BD. Population aging and treatment efficacy are leading to ever growing numbers of older adults with BD. Both direct and indirect predictors of suicide ideation need to be considered in future BD research and treatment planning.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of suicide ideation among older adults with bipolar disorder

et al. 2017

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“…This phenomenon has been observed in other societies such as self-burning of a young Tunisian man (Mohamed Bouazizi) to protest against the political power at the beginning of the Arab Spring; and other places (28,29). According to Durkheim theory, this type of suicide could be classified as an altruistic suicide, in which the person tries to attempt suicide when the society has too many rules against individual freedom (30). In the metaphor layer, there is a kind of clash between the 2 classes of stories about life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…against challenging spiritual situations (30,33). This protective element shows its power in difficult circumstances, where patients with an incurable illness try to commit assisted suicide (34).…”

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confidence: 99%

Call for new stories: Exploring the etiology of suicide in Iran (Causal layered analysis)

Heidari

Haghdoost

Khanjani

2019

Med. J. Islam. Republ. Iran

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Background: Despite many studies on suicide, the causation remains ambiguous, and there is a necessity for new all-inclusive methodology. Causal layer analysis (CLA) is a relatively new technique to deeply explore the etiologies of suicide in Iran. Methods: Causal layered analysis (CLA) combines empirical, interpretative, critical, and action research methods in comprehensive hierarchical layers of causality, like an iceberg. Layers begin from the first observable layer called litany to the deeper underneath layers, including systemic, worldview, and metaphor. In the litany layer, the general appearance of suicide in Iran was extracted through published evidence. In the systemic layer, observed quantitative results of litany was interpreted based on the short-term historical facts by conducting 30 semi-structured interviews with experts. In the worldview layer, 40 deep interviews with suicide attempt cases, 10 focus-groups among adolescents, and 20 semi-structured interviews with nurses and experts were conducted. In the myth and metaphor layer, the Persian poetry of the last century was studied and suicide notes and stories were reviewed. Results: Three causal models of CLA 1 (self-burning of women as an objection to the closed society), CLA 2 (duality of parent's addiction-divorce), CLA 3 (suicide as a reaction to the identity crisis) were extracted. Conclusion: Macrohistorical changes such as war, urbanization, and modernity have confronted the new the new generation with distinctive and unexpected realities in life, which are not similar to their dreams and old stories. Suicide is a reaction to this silent inner battle between old metaphors and new realities.

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“…Hopelessness (pessimism toward the future) has been consistently predicting suicidal ideation and behavior [17,18,19], while hope and meaning in life seemed to serve as protective factors [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%