Do individual cognitions mediate the association of socio-cultural and physical environmental factors with adolescent sports participation?

Abstract

Objective: To examine the associations of perceived physical environmental factors (availability of physical activity (PA) attributes at home, PA facilities in the neighbourhood, neighbourhood pleasantness and safety) and social environmental factors (parental sports behaviour and parental rule regarding sports participation) with adolescent leisure-time sports participation, and to explore whether the associations found were mediated by individual cognitions as derived from the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: In schoolyear 2005/2006 adolescents from seventeen schools in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, completed a questionnaire during school hours that included selfreported measures of leisure-time sports participation, perceived physical environmental factors and TPB variables. Information about parental sports behaviour and parental rule was obtained from a questionnaire that was completed by one parent of the adolescents. Subjects: Data were collected from 584 adolescent-parent combinations. Results: Data were analysed with multi-level logistic regression analyses. Availability of PA attributes at home (OR 5 1?26), parents' sports behaviour (OR 5 2?03) and parental rule (OR 5 1?64) were associated with a higher likelihood of adolescents' leisure-time sports participation. These associations were partly mediated by attitude and intention. Conclusions: Adolescents were more likely to engage in leisure-time sports when PA attributes were available at home, when parents participated in sports activities and had a rule about their offspring participation in sports activities. These associations were partly mediated by attitude and intention. These results suggest that parents can importantly promote sports participation among their offspring by making sports activities accessible and a family routine.

Direct and indirect associations between the family physical activity environment and sports participation among 10–12 year-old European children: testing the EnRG framework in the ENERGY project

“…Parental physical activity through modelling of physical activity or sport [11-18] and co-participation with children [13], parental support through accompanying children to sports training and events, providing money and clothing for activity and encouraging physical activity [13-15,19,20] and the physical environment within the home [21] may be particularly important. The Environmental Research framework for weight Gain prevention (EnRG) [22] suggests that the family environment may have direct and indirect effects on energy-balance behaviours such as physical activity.…”

La influencia de la familia en el ocio físico-deportivo juvenil: nuevas perspectivas para la reflexión y la acción

“…observándose dos tendencias principales: de un lado, los que refuerzan la teoría de que los padres se constituyen en modelo por excelencia para el aprendizaje de valores, actitudes y comportamientos de sus hijos, al concluir que la práctica físico-deportiva de ambos progenitores se relaciona con la de los hijos, tanto chicas como chicos (Cantallops et al, 2012;Fuemmeler, Anderson y Mâsse, 2011;Richards et al, 2009;Pieron y Ruiz-Juan, 2013;Ruiz-Juan, Piéron y Baena-Extremera, 2012;ToftegaardStockel et al, 2011;Van der Horst et al, 2010); de otro, los que indican que la actividad física de padres y madres se relaciona con la de sus hijas pero no con la de sus hijos (Dumith et al, 2010); a los que se añaden investigaciones que ponen de relieve que solo la ejercitación de la madre, no la del padre, se asocia con la actividad física de los hijos de ambos géneros (Kahn et al, 2008) o, incluso, favorece que su hija, no su hijo, deje de ser inactiva (Rangul et al, 2011). Una vez más, ante la divergencia de resultados, se hace necesario prolongar la investigación en torno a este tipo de factores, susceptibles de condicionar la actividad física del adolescente en los espacios y tiempos de ocio.…”

“…) y el ocio físico-deportivo de sus jóvenes, ofrece resultados discrepantes (Cantallops et al, 2012;Carlson et al, 2010;Fuemmeler, Anderson y Mâsse, 2011;Gorely et al, 2009;Kahn et al, 2008;Lin, Lin y Wu, 2009;Pérez Milena et al, 2007;Piéron y Ruiz Juan, a192 2013; Piko y Keresztes, 2008;Rangul et al, 2011;Richards et al, 2009;Ruiz-Juan, Pierón y Baena-Extremera, 2012;Sanz, Ponce de León y Valdemoros, 2012;Sharp et al, 2006;Thérond, Duyme y Capron, 2002;Toftegaard-Stockel et al, 2011;Tuero, Zapico y González, 2012;Van der Horst et al, 2010;Van der Horst et al, 2007).…”

Exploring overweight, obesity and their behavioural correlates among children and adolescents: results from the Health-promotion through Obesity Prevention across Europe project

“…However, no evidence for complete mediation was found, suggesting that a more direct influence of environment on eating behaviour may also occur. Van de Horst et al (17) further explored these mediating pathways between environment and behaviour with a focus on adolescents' sport participation. Data from the Environmental Determinants of Obesity in Rotterdam Schoolchildren study (18) were analysed, based on a school-based survey among 12-15-year-old students from secondary schools in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.…”