Do heat and smoke increase emergence of exotic and native plants in the matorral of central Chile?

Figueroa, Javier; Cavieres, Lohengrin A.; Gómez‐González, Susana; Molina‐Montenegro, Marco A.; Jaksic, Fabián M.

doi:10.1016/j.actao.2008.12.004

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In line with this, different studies on the sclerophyllous matorral of central Chile have shown that a signifi cant proportion of the seed bank in the soil can remain viable after low and medium intensity fi res, and also these fi res can eventually stimulate seed germination in some species (Pauchard et al 2008, Figueroa et al 2009, Gómez-González & Cavieres 2009, which may explain the greater importance of seed bank survival in relation to seed dispersal for establishment of plants naturalized in burned areas (Gómez-González et al 2011). On the other hand, high intensity fi re has negative effects on the viability of this same seed bank (Gómez-González & Cavieres 2009).…”

Section: Fire Intensitymentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Ex Aiton, Erodium moschatum L., Vulpia bromoides (L.) S.F. Gray, and Poa annua L., although they represented 28 % of the exotic plant community reported (Figueroa et al 2009). Other records and published data show a similar or lower representation of fire-associated naturalized plants, but in all cases those are the most abundant species in the community (e.g., Anthriscus caucalis M.…”

Section: Fire-associated Germination and Emergence Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although they may eventually destroy a significant propor tion of the viable seed bank, fires during summer also clear the surface of the soil of dried plant material and release organic compounds into the soil which were constituents of the tissues of the burnt plants. Both these ef fects would allow for faster germination of species with seeds that are activated by fi re or at least tolerant to its presence (Figueroa et al 2009), and they may subsequently facilitate the growth of seedlings on the affected surface (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Fire Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, it has been suggested that the common practice of the use of fi re in central Chile may be a cause of the spread of naturalized plants with colonizing attributes (Pauchard et al 2008, Figueroa et al 2009). For example, fi re may permit the spread of species with morpho-physiological traits, such as seeds which are sensitive to heat, smoke, chemical compounds found in post-fi re soils or it may facilitate the spread of species with ecological traits that are susceptible to changes in the abundance of species affected by the fi re (Brose et al 1999, Sax 2002, Pauchard et al 2008, Figueroa et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Montenegro et al 2002, Pauchard et al 2008, Figueroa et al 2009, Gómez-González & Cavieres 2009, Gómez-González et al 2011. Never theless, there are still improvements to be made in the characterization of the fire regimen in central Chile in order to better understand its role in exotic plant invasion (Figueroa et al 2009). Similarly, more information is needed on the presence of morpho-physiological traits that are sensitive to fi re in naturalized exotic plants in central Chile, information that has been published but is dispersed over different scientifi c media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fire regimen and spread of plants naturalized in central Chile

Contreras

Figueroa

Abarca

et al. 2011

Rev. chil. hist. nat.

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Setting fi res is an old practice of land management in the Mediterranean region of central Chile. Fire in the region is currently of predominantly human origin and previously published material suggests that the scheduling of these activities is associated with the spread of naturalized exotic species. Research into the effects of fi re on both native and exotic Mediterranean vegetation in central Chile has increased notably over recent years. The objective of our review is to highlight new knowledge in this area of research from the last 30 years and to contribute to systematization and an explicit conceptual model which takes into account the effect of a fi re regimen on the spread of exotic plants and the mechanisms involved. We begin with analyses of the fi re regimen which is currently obser ved in one Region of central Chile and a subsequent exploration of the literature to identify the attributes mainly of the germination of seeds which are sensitive to fi re and which apply to the exotic species that are abundantly naturalized in central Chile. According to the studies consulted, diverse mechanisms have been described which involve the effect of fi re on the spread of exotic plants in central Chile. Life-histor y traits, tolerance, facilitation, and positive feedback between exotic plants and fi re frequency have been mechanisms reported in the literature. Finally, we propose a conceptual model which represents dispersal assisted by humans of exotic species and the spread of species naturalized by the effect of fi re regimens, which helps explain the composition and structure of the matorral of central Chile in an early successional state.Key words: central Chile, exotic plant, fi re, germination, naturalized plant. RESUMENLos incendios son una antigua práctica del uso del suelo en la región mediterránea de Chile central. Actualmente en esta región, los incendios son principalmente de origen humano y los antecedentes publicados permiten sugerir que su régimen está asociado a la expansión de especies exóticas naturalizadas. Las investigaciones sobre el efecto de los incendios sobre la vegetación mediterránea tanto nativa como exótica en Chile central ha incrementado notablemente durante los últimos años. El objetivo de nuestra revisión fue resaltar los nuevos conocimientos en esta área de la investigación durante los últimos 30 años y contribuir a una sistematización y a un modelo conceptual explícito que incorpore los efectos del régimen de incendios en la expansión de plantas exóticas y en los mecanismos involucrados. Para ello se describe el régimen de incendios que actualmente se presenta en una región de Chile central y se realiza una exploración de la literatura para conocer principalmente los atributos de la germinación de las semillas sensibles a incendio que se encuentran en especies exóticas que están naturalizadas abundantemente en Chile central. De acuerdo a los estudios abordados, se han descrito diversos mecanismos que involucran el efecto de los incendios sobre la expansión de plan...

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Section: Fire Intensitymentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Fire-associated Germination and Emergence Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fire Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Fire regimen and spread of plants naturalized in central Chile

Contreras

Figueroa

Abarca

et al. 2011

Rev. chil. hist. nat.

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Ecological Impacts

Jaksić¹,

Castro²

2021

Biological Invasions in the South American Anthropocene

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Smoke and heat: influence on seedling emergence from the germinable soil seed bank of mesic grassland in South Africa

et al. 2011

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We examined if germination and seedling emergence of species from the soil seed bank of mesic grassland in South Africa differed in their response to smoke or heat treatments alone or combined. Soil seed bank samples taken from 0 to 5 cm depth of the topsoil were treated with smoke-water solution, heat and heat ? smoke-water combined and subsequent emergence of seedlings monitored over 90 days. In total, 790 individuals from 11 different plant families representing 37 graminoid (Poaceae) and non-graminoid species of flowering plants were identified. The most abundant plant families that emerged were Poaceae followed by Asteraceae. Grasses contributed 18% of the germinable seed bank, while non-grass (forbs and trees) species contributed [80%. The most abundant grass species that emerged was Themeda triandra and the most common forb species was Centella asiatica. Compared to the control, smoke-water (SW) and/or smoke-water ? heat (H ? SW) treatment resulted in a 1.6-fold increase in mean number of seedling emergence. SW and H ? SW treatment of soil seed bank also resulted in fourfold to fivefold greater biomass production. These results suggest that emergence of some smoke-responsive perennial grasses (e.g. Themeda triandra) from the soil seed bank can be enhanced using smoke techniques. Moreover, plant-derived smoke could potentially have a significant role in the restoration of degraded grasslands in South Africa and elsewhere.

show abstract

Do heat and smoke increase emergence of exotic and native plants in the matorral of central Chile?

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

Fire regimen and spread of plants naturalized in central Chile

Fire regimen and spread of plants naturalized in central Chile

Ecological Impacts

Smoke and heat: influence on seedling emergence from the germinable soil seed bank of mesic grassland in South Africa

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