Do Body Mass Index and Breast Density Impact Cancer Risk Among Women with Lobular Carcinoma In Situ?

Minami, Christina A.; Zabor, Emily C.; Gilbert, Elizabeth; Newman, Ashley; Park, Anna; Jochelson, Maxine S.; King, Tari A.; Pilewskie, Melissa

doi:10.1245/s10434-019-08126-9

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Although the BMI does not affect LSIC, breast density does. Breast density acts as an additional risk factor for LCIS growth (Minami et al, 2020). Infiltrating or Invasive Ductal carcinoma (IDC) -The propagation of IDC is only restricted to the milk ducts in the breast.…”

Section: Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemopreventive and Anticancer Property of Selenoproteins in Obese Breast Cancer

et al. 2021

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Obesity is a significant risk factor for various cancers including breast cancer resulting in an increased risk of recurrence as well as morbidity and mortality. Extensive studies on various pathways have been successful in establishing a biological relationship between obesity and breast cancer. The molecular classification of breast cancer includes five groups each having different responses to treatment. Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines seen in obese conditions drive the pro-proliferative pathways, such as the influx of macrophages, angiogenesis, and antiapoptotic pathways. Increased peripheral aromatization of androgens by aromatase increases the circulating estrogen levels which are also responsible for the association of obesity with breast cancer. Also, increased oxidative stress due to chronic low-grade inflammation in obese women plays an important role in carcinogenesis. Despite the availability of safe and effective treatment options for breast cancer, obese women are at increased risk of adverse outcomes including treatment-related toxicities. In the recent decade, selenium compounds have gained substantial interest as chemopreventive and anticancer agents. The chemical derivatives of selenium include inorganic and organic compounds that exhibit pro-oxidant properties and alter cellular redox homeostasis. They target more than one metabolic pathway by thiol modifications, induction of reactive oxygen species, and chromatin modifications to exert their chemopreventive and anticancer activities. The primary functional effectors of selenium that play a significant role in human homeostasis are selenoproteins like glutathione peroxidase, thioredoxin reductase, iodothyronine deiodinases, and selenoprotein P. Selenoproteins play a significant role in adipose tissue physiology by modulating preadipocyte proliferation and adipogenic differentiation. They correlate negatively with body mass index resulting in increased oxidative stress that may lead to carcinogenesis in obese individuals. Methylseleninic acid effectively suppresses aromatase activation thus reducing the estrogen levels and acting as a breast cancer chemopreventive agent. Adipose-derived inflammatory mediators influence the selenium metabolites and affect the proliferation and metastatic properties of cancer cells. Recently selenium nanoparticles have shown potent anticancer activity which may lead to a major breakthrough in the management of cancers caused due to multiple pathways. In this review, we discuss the possible role of selenoproteins as chemopreventive and an anticancer agent in obese breast cancer.

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Section: Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemopreventive and Anticancer Property of Selenoproteins in Obese Breast Cancer

et al. 2021

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“…24,27 However, there is remaining uncertainty regarding the association between tumor progression and HT, 28,29 alcohol consumption [30][31][32] and BMI and physical activity. [31][32][33] The aim of our study was to estimate the association between the modifiable factors physical activity, BMI, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, HT use and the risk of breast cancer among women with a benign lesion, hyperplasia with atypia or carcinoma in situ detected after participation in BreastScreen Norway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This suggests that premalignant lesions and invasive breast cancer share the same etiology, 21,23 and that most risk factors for invasive breast cancer are important for tumor initiation 24,27 . However, there is remaining uncertainty regarding the association between tumor progression and HT, 28,29 alcohol consumption 30‐32 and BMI and physical activity 31‐33 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can breast cancer be stopped? Modifiable risk factors of breast cancer among women with a prior benign or premalignant lesion

Lilleborge

Falk

Sørlie

et al. 2021

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Physical inactivity, high postmenopausal body mass index, alcohol consumption and use of menopausal hormone therapy are established risk factors for breast cancer.Less is known about whether these factors influence the risk of progression of benign and premalignant breast lesions to invasive breast cancer. This registry-based cohort study was based on women with a precancerous lesion who were followed for breast cancer. The cohort consisted of 11 270 women with a benign lesion, 972 women with hyperplasia with atypia and 2379 women with carcinoma in situ diagnosed and treated after participation in BreastScreen Norway, 2006-2016. Information on breast cancer risk factors was collected by a questionnaire administered with the invitation letter. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the association between breast cancer and physical activity, body mass index, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking and menopausal hormone therapy, adjusted for age. During follow-up, 274 women with a benign lesion, 34 women with hyperplasia with atypia and 118 women with carcinoma in situ were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer.We observed an increased risk of breast cancer associated with use of menopausal hormone therapy for women with a benign or premalignant lesion. Alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking showed suggestive increased risk of breast cancer among women with a benign lesion. We were only to a limited degree able to identify associations between modifiable risk factors of breast cancer and the disease among women with a precancerous lesion, and a larger study is needed to confirm or refute associations.

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“…Conversely, a prospective evaluation of BRCA variant carriers found no association between BMI or weight change and risk of breast cancer . Similarly, studies assessing women with a history of atypical hyperplasia or lobular carcinoma in situ have also failed to find a significant association between BMI and subsequent breast cancer development . Further study to elucidate the underlying mechanism associated with obesity, weight loss, and breast cancer risk should help guide strategies for risk reduction that are specific to unique high-risk cohorts because modifiable risk factors may not portend the same benefit among all groups.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bariatric Surgery for Breast Cancer Risk Reduction—Benefit May Not Be One Size Fits All

Pilewskie

Dimick

2023

JAMA Surg

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In this issue of JAMA Surgery, Doumouras et al 1 add to the growing body of literature demonstrating the association of bariatric surgery with a reduced risk of cancer. This populationbased study, focused specifically on the risk of incident breast cancer, is unique compared with prior work because it focused on evaluating the "residual" risk of breast cancer in individuals with obesity after bariatric surgery. In other words, because most patients undergoing bariatric surgery do not reach a normal body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared), the goal of this study was to compare patients after bariatric surgery with patients without obesity (BMI <25) to determine whether they have residual cancer risk. The study found that there was no difference in risk of incident breast cancer for patients after bariatric surgery compared with those with BMI less than 25, thus implying there is no residual risk for obesity in this group. 1 Unfortunately, the study is limited by a lack of data on weight loss after surgery, so the BMIs of patients after bariatric surgery are unknown. Nonetheless, because there are data on weight loss after bariatric surgery from many other studies (few patients reach a normal BMI), 2 the conclusions of the study are reasonable. These results imply that there is likely something about weight loss, or caloric restriction, independent of BMI that reduces cancer risk beyond what we would expect from matched BMI nonsurgical controls. A future study that had postsurgical BMI data to match and compare those risks would allow this result to be studied in more detail and would build nicely on the findings of the present work.Although these findings are important overall for the general population at risk for breast cancer, we raise an impor-

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Do Body Mass Index and Breast Density Impact Cancer Risk Among Women with Lobular Carcinoma In Situ?

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Chemopreventive and Anticancer Property of Selenoproteins in Obese Breast Cancer

Chemopreventive and Anticancer Property of Selenoproteins in Obese Breast Cancer

Can breast cancer be stopped? Modifiable risk factors of breast cancer among women with a prior benign or premalignant lesion

Bariatric Surgery for Breast Cancer Risk Reduction—Benefit May Not Be One Size Fits All

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