DNA vaccine prime and recombinant FPV vaccine boost: an important candidate immunization strategy to control bluetongue virus type 1

One hundred and twenty-six blood samples were collected from healthy sheep and goats in Xinjiang, China, during July 2014. Seventy-three samples (57.93%) were bluetongue virus (BTV) serology-positive, and 39 samples (30.95%) were BTV NS1 gene-positive. BTV strain XJ1407 was isolated from the blood of BTV NS1 gene-positive animals and sequenced. Analysis of its genome sequence suggests that XJ1407 is a novel BTV serotype.

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“…The BTV antibody‐positive sera were also tested for the presence of anti‐XJ1407 neutralizing antibodies using a VNT (Li et al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of a Novel Bluetongue Virus Serotype, China 2014

Sun

Huang

et al. 2016

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Vaccination experiments performed in mice indicated that FWPV recruited a significantly smaller portion of the unfavorable CD11b Ϫ CD103 ϩ but elevated levels of favorable CD11b ϩ CD103 Ϫ dendritic cells to lung tissue than MVA or vaccinia virus (44). FWPV-based vaccines, administered in combination with a DNA prime, have been reported to induce neutralizing antibodies (45,46) and strong CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ T-cell responses (23-25, 30, 47, 48). Therefore, they have been considered for vaccination against cancer in humans (47,49,50) and against a variety of viral infections in different species (31,32,45,46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector Order Determines Protection against Pathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in a Triple-Component Vaccine by Balancing CD4 ⁺ and CD8 ⁺ T-Cell Responses

Sauermann

Radaelli

Stolte-Leeb

et al. 2017

J Virol

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An effective AIDS vaccine should elicit strong humoral and cellular immune responses while maintaining low levels of CD4 T cell activation to avoid the generation of target cells for viral infection. The present study investigated two prime-boost regimens, both starting vaccination with single cycle immunodeficiency virus, followed by two mucosal boosts either with recombinant adenovirus (rAd) or fowlpox virus (rFWPV) expressing SIVmac239 or SIVmac251 and genes, respectively. Finally, vectors were switched and systemically administered to the reciprocal group of animals. Only mucosal rFWPV immunizations followed by systemic rAd boost significantly protected animals against a repeated low-dose, intrarectal challenge with pathogenic SIVmac251 resulting in a vaccine efficacy (i.e. risk reduction per exposure) of 68%. Delayed viral acquisition was associated with higher levels of activated CD8 T cells and Gag-specific IFN-γ secreting CD8 cells, low virus-specific CD4 T cell responses and low Env antibody titers. In contrast, the systemic rFWPV boost induced strong virus-specific CD4 T cell activity. rAd and rFWPV also induced differential patterns of the innate immune responses, thereby possibly shaping the specific immunity. Plasma levels after final immunization correlated directly with virus-specific CD4 T cell responses and inversely with the number of exposures to infection. Also, the percentage of activated CD69 CD8 T cells correlated with the number of exposures to infection. Differential stimulation of the immune response likely provided the basis for the diverging levels of protection afforded by this vaccine regimen. A failed phase II AIDS vaccine trial led to the hypothesis that CD4 T cell activation can abrogate any potentially protective effects delivered by vaccination or promote acquisition of the virus because CD4 T helper cells, required for an effective immune response, also represent the target cells for viral infection. We compared two vaccination protocols that elicited similar levels of Gag-specific immune responses in rhesus macaques. Only the animal group that had a low level of virus-specific CD4 T cells in combination with high levels of activated CD8 T cells was significantly protected from infection. Notably, protection was achieved despite the lack of appreciable Env-antibody titers. Moreover, we show that both, the vector and the route of immunization affected the level of CD4 T cell responses. Thus, mucosal immunization with FWPV-based vaccines should be considered as potent prime in prime-boost vaccination protocols.

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“…A homologous prime-boost regimen is used in traditional vaccines, but better preventive effects have been reported for infectious diseases by a heterologous prime-boost strategy, which consists of DNA vaccine priming followed by recombinant adenovirus boosting [17]. The heterologous prime-boost strategy can induce strong humoral and cellular immune responses [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterologous prime-boost: an important candidate immunization strategy against Tembusu virus

Pan

Jia²,

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Tembusu virus (TMUV), a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus, spreads rapidly between ducks, causing massive economic losses in the Chinese duck industry. Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent TMUV. Therefore, it is urgent to look for an effective vaccine strategy against TMUV. Heterologous prime-boost regimens priming with vaccines and boosting with recombinant adenovirus vaccines have been proven to be successful strategies for protecting against viruses in experimental animal models. Methods In this study, heterologous and homologous prime-boost strategies using an attenuated vaccine and a recombinant adenovirus vaccine expressing prM-E or the E gene of TMUV were evaluated to protect ducks against TMUV infection for the first time, including priming and boosting with the attenuated salmonella vaccine, priming and boosting with the recombinant adenovirus vaccine, and priming with attenuated salmonella vaccine and boosting with the recombinant adenovirus vaccine. Humoral and cellular immune responses were detected and evaluated. We then challenged the ducks with TMUV at 12 days after boosting to assay for clinical symptoms, mortality, viral loads and histopathological lesions after these different strategies. Results Compared with the homologous prime-boost strategies, the heterologous prime-boost regimen produced higher levels of neutralizing antibodies and IgG antibodies against TMUV. Additionally, it could induce higher levels of IFN-γ than homologous prime-boost strategies in the later stage. Interestingly, the heterologous prime-boost strategy induced higher levels of IL-4 in the early stage, but the IL-4 levels gradually decreased and were even lower than those induced by the homologous prime-boost strategy in the later stage. Moreover, the heterologous prime-boost strategy could efficiently protect ducks, with low viral titres, no clinical symptoms and histopathological lesions in this experiment after challenge with TMUV, while slight clinical symptoms and histopathological lesions were observed with the homologous prime-boost strategies. Conclusions Our results indicated that the heterologous prime-boosts strategy induced higher levels of humoral and cellular immune responses and better protection against the TMUV infection in ducks than the homologous prime-boost strategies, suggesting that the heterologous prime-boost strategy is an important candidate for the design of a novel vaccine strategy against TMUV.

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DNA vaccine prime and recombinant FPV vaccine boost: an important candidate immunization strategy to control bluetongue virus type 1

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Emergence of a Novel Bluetongue Virus Serotype, China 2014

Emergence of a Novel Bluetongue Virus Serotype, China 2014

Vector Order Determines Protection against Pathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in a Triple-Component Vaccine by Balancing CD4 ⁺ and CD8 ⁺ T-Cell Responses

Heterologous prime-boost: an important candidate immunization strategy against Tembusu virus

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DNA vaccine prime and recombinant FPV vaccine boost: an important candidate immunization strategy to control bluetongue virus type 1

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Emergence of a Novel Bluetongue Virus Serotype, China 2014

Emergence of a Novel Bluetongue Virus Serotype, China 2014

Vector Order Determines Protection against Pathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in a Triple-Component Vaccine by Balancing CD4 + and CD8 + T-Cell Responses

Heterologous prime-boost: an important candidate immunization strategy against Tembusu virus

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Vector Order Determines Protection against Pathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in a Triple-Component Vaccine by Balancing CD4 ⁺ and CD8 ⁺ T-Cell Responses